PMID- 36124017
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20220921
IS  - 1741-427X (Print)
IS  - 1741-4288 (Electronic)
IS  - 1741-427X (Linking)
VI  - 2022
DP  - 2022
TI  - A Water-Soluble Polysaccharide from the Fibrous Root of Anemarrhena asphodeloides 
      Bge. and Its Immune Enhancement Effect in Vivo and in Vitro.
PG  - 8723119
LID - 10.1155/2022/8723119 [doi]
LID - 8723119
AB  - BACKGROUND: The fibrous roots of Anemarrhena asphodeloides Bge. (FRAAB) are 
      byproducts of the rhizome of Anemarrhena asphodeloides. Some studies have 
      revealed secondary metabolic small molecules in FRAAB, but there are few reports 
      on the polysaccharides of FRAAB (PFRAAB). Aim of the Study. The present study 
      aimed to investigate the preliminary characterization and underlying mechanism of 
      immune stimulation of PFRAAB. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The crude polysaccharide of 
      FRAAB was obtained by hot water extraction and alcohol precipitation, and PFRAAB 
      was purified by a diethylaminoethyl-52 (DEAE-52) cellulose chromatographic column 
      and graphene dialysis membrane. The preliminary characterization of PFRAAB was 
      studied by ultraviolet (UV) scanning and Fourier Transform Infrared Reflection 
      (FTIR). The molecular weight and composition of PFRAAB were analysed by 
      high-performance gel permeation chromatography (HPGPC) and high-performance 
      liquid chromatography (HPLC), respectively. The immune stimulation of PFRAAB was 
      investigated by using cyclophosphamide- (CCP-) treated mice and RAW264.7 cells. 
      RESULTS: A water-soluble PFRAAB was obtained with a molecular weight of 115 kDa 
      and was mainly composed of arabinose (ara), galactose (gal), glucose (glc), and 
      mannose (man). Compared with CCP-induced mice, PFRAAB significantly (p < 0.05 or 
      p < 0.01) increased the spleen and thymus index, ameliorated injury to the spleen 
      and thymus, and evaluated immunoglobulin levels. In addition, PFRAAB also 
      increased the secretion of nitric oxide (NO), interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta), tumour 
      necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), and IL-6 in RAW264.7 cells and upregulated the 
      expression of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), Myd88, nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-kappaB) 
      P65, p-NF-kappaB P65, IKB-alpha, and p-IKB-alpha. CONCLUSION: PFRAAB possesses immune 
      stimulation activity and can be used as a potential resource for immune-enhancing 
      drugs. Our present study provides a scientific basis for the comprehensive 
      development of Anemarrhena asphodeloides medicinal plant resources.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2022 Qi Huang et al.
FAU - Huang, Qi
AU  - Huang Q
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3650-5786
AD  - Department of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, 
      China.
AD  - Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Decoction Pieces of 
      New Manufacturing Technology, Hefei 230012, China.
AD  - Traditional Chinese Medicine Processing and Inheritance Base of National 
      Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Anhui University of Chinese 
      Medicine), Hefei 230012, China.
AD  - Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Preparation Technology and 
      Application, Hefei 230012, China.
FAU - Wang, Jingwen
AU  - Wang J
AD  - Department of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, 
      China.
FAU - Zong, Rumin
AU  - Zong R
AD  - Department of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, 
      China.
FAU - Wu, Deling
AU  - Wu D
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6027-0625
AD  - Department of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, 
      China.
AD  - Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Decoction Pieces of 
      New Manufacturing Technology, Hefei 230012, China.
AD  - Traditional Chinese Medicine Processing and Inheritance Base of National 
      Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Anhui University of Chinese 
      Medicine), Hefei 230012, China.
FAU - Jin, Chuanshan
AU  - Jin C
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4610-7893
AD  - Department of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, 
      China.
AD  - Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Decoction Pieces of 
      New Manufacturing Technology, Hefei 230012, China.
AD  - Traditional Chinese Medicine Processing and Inheritance Base of National 
      Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Anhui University of Chinese 
      Medicine), Hefei 230012, China.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20220910
PL  - United States
TA  - Evid Based Complement Alternat Med
JT  - Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM
JID - 101215021
PMC - PMC9482487
COIS- All authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.
EDAT- 2022/09/21 06:00
MHDA- 2022/09/21 06:01
PMCR- 2022/09/10
CRDT- 2022/09/20 01:54
PHST- 2022/04/07 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2022/07/08 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2022/08/04 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2022/09/20 01:54 [entrez]
PHST- 2022/09/21 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2022/09/21 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2022/09/10 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.1155/2022/8723119 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2022 Sep 10;2022:8723119. doi: 
      10.1155/2022/8723119. eCollection 2022.