PMID- 36136487
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20220928
IS  - 2305-6304 (Electronic)
IS  - 2305-6304 (Linking)
VI  - 10
IP  - 9
DP  - 2022 Sep 1
TI  - Cerium Oxide Enhances the Toxicity of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles in Human Lung 
      Epithelial Cell Cultures.
LID - 10.3390/toxics10090522 [doi]
LID - 522
AB  - Recently, many approaches have been developed to improve the performance of 
      nanomaterials. Combining more than one nanomaterial is one such approach that 
      achieves superior results. However, during the fabrication of nanomaterials or 
      formulation of end products, materials can be released into the ambient air and 
      be inhaled by workers. The adverse health outcomes of inhaling such compounds are 
      unknown. In this study, we examined such effects in combining two of the most 
      utilized nanomaterials in several industrial sectors: zinc oxide (ZnO) and cerium 
      oxide (CeO(2)). These materials can be found together in sunscreens, polyvinyl 
      alcohol (PVA) films, and construction products. The aim of this study was to 
      assess the adverse biological outcomes of CeO(2)-ZnO nano-mixtures in human lung 
      epithelial cells. A549 human lung epithelial cells were treated with increasing 
      concentrations of ZnO or CeO(2) NPs alone, or as a mixture of both, under 
      submerged conditions for 24 h. After treatment, cell viability, reactive oxygen 
      species (ROS) formation, cell membrane integrity, and cytokine production were 
      examined. ZnO NPs showed a dose-dependent trend for all endpoints. CeO(2) NPs did 
      not exhibit any toxic effect in any individual concentrations. When higher doses 
      of ZnO were combined with increasing doses of CeO(2), loss of cell viability and 
      an elevation in cell membrane leakage were observed. Interleukin 8 (IL-8) and ROS 
      generation were higher when ZnO NPs were combined with CeO(2) NPs, compared to 
      cells that were treated with ZnO alone. The release of monocyte chemoattractant 
      protein-1 (MCP-1) was reduced in the cells that were treated with higher doses of 
      ZnO and CeO(2). Thus, the presence of CeO(2) enhanced the toxicity of ZnO in A549 
      cells at non-toxic levels of CeO(2). This suggests an additive toxicity of these 
      two nanomaterials.
FAU - Al Rashaideh, Tasnim
AU  - Al Rashaideh T
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0529-2925
AD  - Human Toxicology Program, Graduate College, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 
      52242, USA.
FAU - Metwali, Nervana
AU  - Metwali N
AD  - Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, 
      University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA.
FAU - Perry, Sarah S
AU  - Perry SS
AD  - Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, 
      University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA.
FAU - Adamcakova-Dodd, Andrea
AU  - Adamcakova-Dodd A
AD  - Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, 
      University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA.
FAU - Thorne, Peter S
AU  - Thorne PS
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5045-0929
AD  - Human Toxicology Program, Graduate College, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 
      52242, USA.
AD  - Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, 
      University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA.
LA  - eng
GR  - P30 ES005605/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - NIH P30ES005605/NH/NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20220901
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Toxics
JT  - Toxics
JID - 101639637
PMC - PMC9502999
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - cerium oxide
OT  - lung epithelial cells
OT  - nanoparticles
OT  - nanotoxicology
OT  - tissue culture
OT  - zinc oxide
COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest.
EDAT- 2022/09/23 06:00
MHDA- 2022/09/23 06:01
PMCR- 2022/09/01
CRDT- 2022/09/22 12:03
PHST- 2022/07/14 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2022/08/25 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2022/08/29 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2022/09/22 12:03 [entrez]
PHST- 2022/09/23 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2022/09/23 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2022/09/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - toxics10090522 [pii]
AID - toxics-10-00522 [pii]
AID - 10.3390/toxics10090522 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Toxics. 2022 Sep 1;10(9):522. doi: 10.3390/toxics10090522.