PMID- 36139025 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220926 LR - 20221018 IS - 2218-273X (Electronic) IS - 2218-273X (Linking) VI - 12 IP - 9 DP - 2022 Aug 26 TI - Oroxylin A: A Promising Flavonoid for Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Diseases. LID - 10.3390/biom12091185 [doi] LID - 1185 AB - There have been magnificent advancements in the understanding of molecular mechanisms of chronic diseases over the past several years, but these diseases continue to be a considerable cause of death worldwide. Most of the approved medications available for the prevention and treatment of these diseases target only a single gene/protein/pathway and are known to cause severe side effects and are less effective than they are anticipated. Consequently, the development of finer therapeutics that outshine the existing ones is far-reaching. Natural compounds have enormous applications in curbing several disastrous and fatal diseases. Oroxylin A (OA) is a flavonoid obtained from the plants Oroxylum indicum, Scutellaria baicalensis, and S. lateriflora, which have distinctive pharmacological properties. OA modulates the important signaling pathways, including NF-kappaB, MAPK, ERK1/2, Wnt/beta-catenin, PTEN/PI3K/Akt, and signaling molecules, such as TNF-alpha, TGF-beta, MMPs, VEGF, interleukins, Bcl-2, caspases, HIF-1alpha, EMT proteins, Nrf-2, etc., which play a pivotal role in the molecular mechanism of chronic diseases. Overwhelming pieces of evidence expound on the anti-inflammatory, anti-bacterial, anti-viral, and anti-cancer potentials of this flavonoid, which makes it an engrossing compound for research. Numerous preclinical and clinical studies also displayed the promising potential of OA against cancer, cardiovascular diseases, inflammation, neurological disorders, rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, etc. Therefore, the current review focuses on delineating the role of OA in combating different chronic diseases and highlighting the intrinsic molecular mechanisms of its action. FAU - Sajeev, Anjana AU - Sajeev A AD - Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam 781039, India. FAU - Hegde, Mangala AU - Hegde M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2926-896X AD - Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam 781039, India. FAU - Girisa, Sosmitha AU - Girisa S AD - Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam 781039, India. FAU - Devanarayanan, Thulasidharan Nair AU - Devanarayanan TN AD - Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam 781039, India. FAU - Alqahtani, Mohammed S AU - Alqahtani MS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7425-3578 AD - Radiological Sciences Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia. AD - BioImaging Unit, Space Research Center, Michael Atiyah Building, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK. FAU - Abbas, Mohamed AU - Abbas M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3141-2900 AD - Electrical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia. AD - Electronics and Communications Department, College of Engineering, Delta University for Science and Technology, Gamasa 35712, Egypt. FAU - Sil, Samir Kumar AU - Sil SK AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6579-031X AD - Cell Physiology and Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Human Physiology, Tripura University, Suryamaninagar 799022, India. FAU - Sethi, Gautam AU - Sethi G AD - Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117600, Singapore. FAU - Chen, Jen-Tsung AU - Chen JT AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3540-4449 AD - Department of Life Sciences, National University of Kaohsiung, Kaohsiung 811, Taiwan. FAU - Kunnumakkara, Ajaikumar B AU - Kunnumakkara AB AD - Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam 781039, India. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PT - Review DEP - 20220826 PL - Switzerland TA - Biomolecules JT - Biomolecules JID - 101596414 RN - 0 (Anti-Inflammatory Agents) RN - 0 (Flavonoids) RN - 0 (NF-kappa B) RN - 0 (Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2) RN - 0 (Transforming Growth Factor beta) RN - 0 (Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha) RN - 0 (Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A) RN - 0 (beta Catenin) RN - 53K24Z586G (5,7-dihydroxy-6-methoxy-2-phenylchromen-4-one) RN - EC 2.7.11.1 (Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt) RN - EC 3.4.22.- (Caspases) SB - IM MH - Anti-Inflammatory Agents/pharmacology MH - Caspases MH - Chronic Disease MH - Flavonoids/pharmacology/therapeutic use MH - Humans MH - *NF-kappa B/metabolism MH - Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases MH - Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt MH - Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 MH - Transforming Growth Factor beta MH - Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha MH - Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A MH - *beta Catenin/metabolism PMC - PMC9496116 OTO - NOTNLM OT - chronic diseases OT - inflammation OT - molecular targets OT - oroxylin A OT - pharmacokinetics COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2022/09/24 06:00 MHDA- 2022/09/28 06:00 PMCR- 2022/08/26 CRDT- 2022/09/23 01:04 PHST- 2022/07/13 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/08/10 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/08/16 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/09/23 01:04 [entrez] PHST- 2022/09/24 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/09/28 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/08/26 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - biom12091185 [pii] AID - biomolecules-12-01185 [pii] AID - 10.3390/biom12091185 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Biomolecules. 2022 Aug 26;12(9):1185. doi: 10.3390/biom12091185.