PMID- 36139982
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20220928
IS  - 2079-6382 (Print)
IS  - 2079-6382 (Electronic)
IS  - 2079-6382 (Linking)
VI  - 11
IP  - 9
DP  - 2022 Sep 6
TI  - Investigation of In Vitro Susceptibility and Resistance Mechanisms in Skin 
      Pathogens: Perspectives for Fluoroquinolone Therapy in Canine Pyoderma.
LID - 10.3390/antibiotics11091204 [doi]
LID - 1204
AB  - Fluoroquinolones (FQ) are commonly used in dogs with bacterial skin infections. 
      Their use as first choice, along with the increased incidence of FQ-resistance, 
      represents a risk to animal and public health. Our study determined minimum 
      inhibitory (MIC) and bactericidal (MBC) concentrations of five FQs in 
      Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus pseudintermedius, and Escherichia coli, 
      together with FQ-resistance mechanisms. MICs, efflux pump (EP) overexpression and 
      MBCs were measured in 249 skin infection isolates following CLSI guidelines (CLSI 
      VET01-A4, CLSI M26-A). Chromosomal and plasmid-mediated resistance genes were 
      investigated after DNA extraction and sequencing. FQ-resistance was detected in 
      10% of methicillin-susceptible (MS), 90% of methicillin-resistant (MR) 
      staphylococci and in 36% of E. coli. Bactericidal effect was observed except in 
      50% of MRSA/P for ciprofloxacin and in 20% of MRSPs for enrofloxacin. Highest 
      MICs were associated with double mutation in gyrA (Ser83Leu + Asp87Asn), efflux 
      pumps and three PMQR genes in E. coli, and grlA (Ser80Phe + Glu84Lys) in S. 
      aureus. EP overexpression was high among E. coli (96%), low in S. aureus (1%) and 
      absent in S. pseudintermedius. Pradofloxacin and moxifloxacin showed low MICs 
      with bactericidal effect. Since in vitro FQ resistance was associated with MR, FQ 
      use should be prudently guided by susceptibility testing.
FAU - Azzariti, Stefano
AU  - Azzariti S
AD  - Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, 
      Hawkshead Lane, North Mymms, Hatfield AL9 7TA, UK.
FAU - Bond, Ross
AU  - Bond R
AD  - Department of Clinical Sciences and Services, Royal Veterinary College, Hawkshead 
      Lane, North Mymms, Hatfield AL9 7TA, UK.
FAU - Loeffler, Anette
AU  - Loeffler A
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0446-3729
AD  - Department of Clinical Sciences and Services, Royal Veterinary College, Hawkshead 
      Lane, North Mymms, Hatfield AL9 7TA, UK.
FAU - Zendri, Flavia
AU  - Zendri F
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7776-9278
AD  - Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, Department of 
      Veterinary Anatomy, Physiology and Pathology, Veterinary Microbiology Diagnostic, 
      University of Liverpool Leahurst Campus, Neston CH64 7TE, UK.
FAU - Timofte, Dorina
AU  - Timofte D
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7261-738X
AD  - Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, Department of 
      Veterinary Anatomy, Physiology and Pathology, Veterinary Microbiology Diagnostic, 
      University of Liverpool Leahurst Campus, Neston CH64 7TE, UK.
FAU - Chang, Yu-Mei
AU  - Chang YM
AD  - Research Support Office, Royal Veterinary College, University of London, London 
      NW1 0TU, UK.
FAU - Pelligand, Ludovic
AU  - Pelligand L
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6005-1975
AD  - Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, 
      Hawkshead Lane, North Mymms, Hatfield AL9 7TA, UK.
AD  - Department of Clinical Sciences and Services, Royal Veterinary College, Hawkshead 
      Lane, North Mymms, Hatfield AL9 7TA, UK.
LA  - eng
GR  - VM0536/Veterinary Medicines Directorate/
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20220906
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Antibiotics (Basel)
JT  - Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland)
JID - 101637404
PMC - PMC9494949
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - E. coli
OT  - S. aureus
OT  - S. pseudintermedius
OT  - antimicrobial resistance
OT  - canine pyoderma
OT  - methicillin-resistance
OT  - staphylococci
COIS- The funders had no role in the design of the study; in the collection, analyses, 
      or interpretation of data; in the writing of the manuscript, or in the decision 
      to publish the results. LP acted as a consultant for Zoetis, Vetcare, CEVA and 
      Beckton Dickinson, received research grants from DEFRA, WSAVA, PetPlan, 
      Transpharm, UKRI, BBSRC, Horizon 2020 and is an active member of the VetCAST 
      steering committee. FZ, DT, and LP are members of the European Network for 
      Optimization of Veterinary Antimicrobial Treatment (ENOVAT, CA18217).
EDAT- 2022/09/24 06:00
MHDA- 2022/09/24 06:01
PMCR- 2022/09/06
CRDT- 2022/09/23 01:09
PHST- 2022/08/15 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2022/09/02 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2022/09/03 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2022/09/23 01:09 [entrez]
PHST- 2022/09/24 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2022/09/24 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2022/09/06 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - antibiotics11091204 [pii]
AID - antibiotics-11-01204 [pii]
AID - 10.3390/antibiotics11091204 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Antibiotics (Basel). 2022 Sep 6;11(9):1204. doi: 10.3390/antibiotics11091204.