PMID- 36140055 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220926 LR - 20221004 IS - 2079-6374 (Electronic) IS - 2079-6374 (Linking) VI - 12 IP - 9 DP - 2022 Aug 23 TI - Integration of Multiple Interferometers in Highly Multiplexed Diagnostic KITs to Evaluate Several Biomarkers of COVID-19 in Serum. LID - 10.3390/bios12090671 [doi] LID - 671 AB - In the present work, highly multiplexed diagnostic KITs based on an Interferometric Optical Detection Method (IODM) were developed to evaluate six Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)-related biomarkers. These biomarkers of COVID-19 were evaluated in 74 serum samples from severe, moderate, and mild patients with positive polymerase chain reaction (PCR), collected at the end of March 2020 in the Hospital Clinico San Carlos, in Madrid (Spain). The developed multiplexed diagnostic KITs were biofunctionalized to simultaneously measure different types of specific biomarkers involved in COVID-19. Thus, the serum samples were investigated by measuring the total specific Immunoglobulins (sIgT), specific Immunoglobulins G (sIgG), specific Immunoglobulins M (sIgM), specific Immunoglobulins A (sIgA), all of them against SARS-CoV-2, together with two biomarkers involved in inflammatory disorders, Ferritin (FER) and C Reactive Protein (CRP). To assess the results, a Multiple Linear Regression Model (MLRM) was carried out to study the influence of IgGs, IgMs, IgAs, FER, and CRP against the total sIgTs in these serum samples with a goodness of fit of 73.01% (Adjusted R-Squared). FAU - Murillo, Ana Maria M AU - Murillo AMM AD - Center for Biomedical Technology (CTB), Universidad Politecnica de Madrid, Parque Cientifico y Tecnologico de la UPM, Campus de Montegancedo, Pozuelo de Alarcon, 28223 Madrid, Spain. AD - Health Research Institute of the Hospital Clinico San Carlos, IdISSC. C/Profesor Martin Lagos s/n, 4 feminine Planta Sur, 28040 Madrid, Spain. AD - BioOptical Detection S.L., Centro de Empresas, Campus Montegancedo, 28223 Madrid, Spain. FAU - Valle, Luis G AU - Valle LG AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2355-9291 AD - Center for Biomedical Technology (CTB), Universidad Politecnica de Madrid, Parque Cientifico y Tecnologico de la UPM, Campus de Montegancedo, Pozuelo de Alarcon, 28223 Madrid, Spain. AD - Health Research Institute of the Hospital Clinico San Carlos, IdISSC. C/Profesor Martin Lagos s/n, 4 feminine Planta Sur, 28040 Madrid, Spain. AD - Escuela Tecnica Superior de Ingenieros Industriales, Universidad Politecnica de Madrid, C/Jose Gutierrez Abascal 2, 28006 Madrid, Spain. FAU - Ramirez, Yolanda AU - Ramirez Y AD - Center for Biomedical Technology (CTB), Universidad Politecnica de Madrid, Parque Cientifico y Tecnologico de la UPM, Campus de Montegancedo, Pozuelo de Alarcon, 28223 Madrid, Spain. AD - Health Research Institute of the Hospital Clinico San Carlos, IdISSC. C/Profesor Martin Lagos s/n, 4 feminine Planta Sur, 28040 Madrid, Spain. AD - BioOptical Detection S.L., Centro de Empresas, Campus Montegancedo, 28223 Madrid, Spain. FAU - Sanchez, Maria Jesus AU - Sanchez MJ AD - Escuela Tecnica Superior de Ingenieros Industriales, Universidad Politecnica de Madrid, C/Jose Gutierrez Abascal 2, 28006 Madrid, Spain. FAU - Santamaria, Beatriz AU - Santamaria B AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3714-7922 AD - Center for Biomedical Technology (CTB), Universidad Politecnica de Madrid, Parque Cientifico y Tecnologico de la UPM, Campus de Montegancedo, Pozuelo de Alarcon, 28223 Madrid, Spain. AD - Health Research Institute of the Hospital Clinico San Carlos, IdISSC. C/Profesor Martin Lagos s/n, 4 feminine Planta Sur, 28040 Madrid, Spain. AD - Escuela Tecnica Superior de Ingenieria y Diseno Industrial, Universidad Politecnica de Madrid, Ronda de Valencia 3, 28012 Madrid, Spain. FAU - Molina-Roldan, E AU - Molina-Roldan E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8882-8405 AD - Health Research Institute of the Hospital Clinico San Carlos, IdISSC. C/Profesor Martin Lagos s/n, 4 feminine Planta Sur, 28040 Madrid, Spain. FAU - Ortega-Madueno, Isabel AU - Ortega-Madueno I AD - Health Research Institute of the Hospital Clinico San Carlos, IdISSC. C/Profesor Martin Lagos s/n, 4 feminine Planta Sur, 28040 Madrid, Spain. FAU - Urcelay, Elena AU - Urcelay E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8470-8396 AD - Health Research Institute of the Hospital Clinico San Carlos, IdISSC. C/Profesor Martin Lagos s/n, 4 feminine Planta Sur, 28040 Madrid, Spain. FAU - Tramarin, Luca AU - Tramarin L AD - Center for Biomedical Technology (CTB), Universidad Politecnica de Madrid, Parque Cientifico y Tecnologico de la UPM, Campus de Montegancedo, Pozuelo de Alarcon, 28223 Madrid, Spain. AD - Health Research Institute of the Hospital Clinico San Carlos, IdISSC. C/Profesor Martin Lagos s/n, 4 feminine Planta Sur, 28040 Madrid, Spain. AD - Escuela Tecnica Superior de Ingenieros Industriales, Universidad Politecnica de Madrid, C/Jose Gutierrez Abascal 2, 28006 Madrid, Spain. FAU - Herreros, Pedro AU - Herreros P AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7543-1142 AD - Center for Biomedical Technology (CTB), Universidad Politecnica de Madrid, Parque Cientifico y Tecnologico de la UPM, Campus de Montegancedo, Pozuelo de Alarcon, 28223 Madrid, Spain. AD - Health Research Institute of the Hospital Clinico San Carlos, IdISSC. C/Profesor Martin Lagos s/n, 4 feminine Planta Sur, 28040 Madrid, Spain. AD - Escuela Tecnica Superior de Ingenieros Industriales, Universidad Politecnica de Madrid, C/Jose Gutierrez Abascal 2, 28006 Madrid, Spain. FAU - Diaz-Perales, Araceli AU - Diaz-Perales A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1093-3627 AD - Center for Plant Biotechnology and Genomics (CBGP), Universidad Politecnica de Madrid, Parque Cientifico y Tecnologico de la UPM, Campus de Montegancedo, Pozuelo de Alarcon, 28223 Madrid, Spain. FAU - Garrido-Arandia, Maria AU - Garrido-Arandia M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6114-5754 AD - Center for Plant Biotechnology and Genomics (CBGP), Universidad Politecnica de Madrid, Parque Cientifico y Tecnologico de la UPM, Campus de Montegancedo, Pozuelo de Alarcon, 28223 Madrid, Spain. FAU - Tome-Amat, Jaime AU - Tome-Amat J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4442-3649 AD - Center for Plant Biotechnology and Genomics (CBGP), Universidad Politecnica de Madrid, Parque Cientifico y Tecnologico de la UPM, Campus de Montegancedo, Pozuelo de Alarcon, 28223 Madrid, Spain. FAU - Hernandez-Ramirez, Guadalupe AU - Hernandez-Ramirez G AD - Center for Plant Biotechnology and Genomics (CBGP), Universidad Politecnica de Madrid, Parque Cientifico y Tecnologico de la UPM, Campus de Montegancedo, Pozuelo de Alarcon, 28223 Madrid, Spain. FAU - Espinosa, Rocio L AU - Espinosa RL AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8524-7229 AD - Center for Biomedical Technology (CTB), Universidad Politecnica de Madrid, Parque Cientifico y Tecnologico de la UPM, Campus de Montegancedo, Pozuelo de Alarcon, 28223 Madrid, Spain. AD - Health Research Institute of the Hospital Clinico San Carlos, IdISSC. C/Profesor Martin Lagos s/n, 4 feminine Planta Sur, 28040 Madrid, Spain. AD - Escuela Tecnica Superior de Ingenieros Industriales, Universidad Politecnica de Madrid, C/Jose Gutierrez Abascal 2, 28006 Madrid, Spain. FAU - Laguna, Maria F AU - Laguna MF AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1580-4509 AD - Center for Biomedical Technology (CTB), Universidad Politecnica de Madrid, Parque Cientifico y Tecnologico de la UPM, Campus de Montegancedo, Pozuelo de Alarcon, 28223 Madrid, Spain. AD - Health Research Institute of the Hospital Clinico San Carlos, IdISSC. C/Profesor Martin Lagos s/n, 4 feminine Planta Sur, 28040 Madrid, Spain. AD - Escuela Tecnica Superior de Ingenieros Industriales, Universidad Politecnica de Madrid, C/Jose Gutierrez Abascal 2, 28006 Madrid, Spain. FAU - Holgado, Miguel AU - Holgado M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9299-1371 AD - Center for Biomedical Technology (CTB), Universidad Politecnica de Madrid, Parque Cientifico y Tecnologico de la UPM, Campus de Montegancedo, Pozuelo de Alarcon, 28223 Madrid, Spain. AD - Health Research Institute of the Hospital Clinico San Carlos, IdISSC. C/Profesor Martin Lagos s/n, 4 feminine Planta Sur, 28040 Madrid, Spain. AD - Escuela Tecnica Superior de Ingenieros Industriales, Universidad Politecnica de Madrid, C/Jose Gutierrez Abascal 2, 28006 Madrid, Spain. LA - eng GR - TEC2017-84846-R/Ministry of Economy, Industry and Competitiveness/ GR - VIMPACTO20MHB/Universidad Politecnica de Madrid/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20220823 PL - Switzerland TA - Biosensors (Basel) JT - Biosensors JID - 101609191 RN - 0 (Biomarkers) RN - 0 (Immunoglobulin A, Secretory) RN - 0 (Reagent Kits, Diagnostic) RN - 9007-41-4 (C-Reactive Protein) RN - 9007-73-2 (Ferritins) SB - IM MH - Biomarkers MH - C-Reactive Protein MH - *COVID-19/diagnosis MH - *COVID-19 Testing/instrumentation MH - Ferritins MH - Humans MH - Immunoglobulin A, Secretory MH - Reagent Kits, Diagnostic MH - SARS-CoV-2 PMC - PMC9496092 OTO - NOTNLM OT - COVID-19 biomarkers OT - SARS-CoV-2 OT - ferritin OT - immunoglobulin OT - interferometric optical detection method OT - serum COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2022/09/24 06:00 MHDA- 2022/09/28 06:00 PMCR- 2022/08/23 CRDT- 2022/09/23 01:09 PHST- 2022/07/22 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/08/16 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/08/20 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/09/23 01:09 [entrez] PHST- 2022/09/24 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/09/28 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/08/23 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - bios12090671 [pii] AID - biosensors-12-00671 [pii] AID - 10.3390/bios12090671 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Biosensors (Basel). 2022 Aug 23;12(9):671. doi: 10.3390/bios12090671.