PMID- 36146679
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20220926
LR  - 20221005
IS  - 1999-4915 (Electronic)
IS  - 1999-4915 (Linking)
VI  - 14
IP  - 9
DP  - 2022 Aug 25
TI  - Epstein-Barr Virus and Human Herpesvirus-6 Reactivation in Acute COVID-19 
      Patients.
LID - 10.3390/v14091872 [doi]
LID - 1872
AB  - Beyond their pulmonary disease, many COVID-19 patients experience a complex 
      constellation of characteristics, including hyperinflammatory responses, 
      autoimmune disorders, and coagulopathies. However, the pathogenesis of these 
      aspects of COVID-19 is obscure. More than 90% of people are latently infected 
      with the lymphotropic herpesviruses Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) and/or Human 
      Herpesvirus-6 (HHV-6). Some of the inflammatory features of COVID-19 resemble 
      clinical syndromes seen during EBV and HHV-6 infection, and these latent viruses 
      can be reactivated by inflammatory mediators. We hypothesized that EBV and HHV-6 
      reactivation might be a common feature of early COVID-19, particularly in 
      patients with more inflammation. We tested for EBV and HHV-6 reactivation in 67 
      patients acutely hospitalized with COVID-19 using previously validated 
      quantitative PCR assays on the plasma. In our cohort, we found that 15/67 (22.4%) 
      patients had detectable EBV and 3/67 (4.5%) had detectable HHV-6. This frequency 
      of activation is somewhat more than the frequency reported for some healthy 
      cohorts, such as blood donors and other healthy control cohorts. There was no 
      association between EBV or HHV-6 and markers indicative of more inflammatory 
      disease. We conclude that EBV and HHV-6 activation at about day 7 of 
      hospitalization occurred in a modest fraction of our cohort of COVID-19 patients 
      and was not associated with high levels of inflammation. In the modest fraction 
      of patients, EBV and HHV-6 reactivation could contribute to some features of 
      acute disease and pre-disposition to post-acute sequelae in a subset of patients.
FAU - Brooks, Bailey
AU  - Brooks B
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5266-9377
AD  - College of Arts and Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904, 
      USA.
AD  - Department of Pediatrics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA.
FAU - Tancredi, Christina
AU  - Tancredi C
AD  - Department of Pediatrics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA.
FAU - Song, Yufeng
AU  - Song Y
AD  - Department of Pediatrics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA.
FAU - Mogus, Alemu Tekewe
AU  - Mogus AT
AD  - Department of Pediatrics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA.
FAU - Huang, Meei-Li W
AU  - Huang MW
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2861-8035
AD  - Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, 
      Seattle, WA 98195, USA.
FAU - Zhu, Haiying
AU  - Zhu H
AD  - Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, 
      Seattle, WA 98195, USA.
FAU - Phan, Tuan L
AU  - Phan TL
AD  - Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 
      Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
AD  - HHV-6 Foundation, Santa Barbara, CA 93108, USA.
FAU - Zhu, Harrison
AU  - Zhu H
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0458-044X
AD  - HHV-6 Foundation, Santa Barbara, CA 93108, USA.
AD  - School of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
FAU - Kadl, Alexandra
AU  - Kadl A
AD  - Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA.
AD  - Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, 
      USA.
FAU - Woodfolk, Judith
AU  - Woodfolk J
AD  - Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA.
AD  - Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology, University of 
      Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA.
FAU - Jerome, Keith R
AU  - Jerome KR
AD  - Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, 
      Seattle, WA 98195, USA.
AD  - Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, 
      WA 98109, USA.
FAU - Zeichner, Steven L
AU  - Zeichner SL
AD  - Department of Pediatrics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA.
AD  - Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology, University of 
      Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20220825
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Viruses
JT  - Viruses
JID - 101509722
RN  - 0 (Inflammation Mediators)
SB  - IM
MH  - *COVID-19
MH  - *Epstein-Barr Virus Infections/complications
MH  - Herpesvirus 4, Human/physiology
MH  - *Herpesvirus 6, Human/physiology
MH  - *Herpesvirus 8, Human
MH  - Humans
MH  - Inflammation
MH  - Inflammation Mediators
PMC - PMC9504756
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - COVID-19
OT  - EBV
OT  - Epstein-Barr virus
OT  - HHV-6
OT  - Human Herpesvirus-6
OT  - SARS-CoV-2
OT  - reactivation
COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest.
EDAT- 2022/09/24 06:00
MHDA- 2022/09/28 06:00
PMCR- 2022/08/25
CRDT- 2022/09/23 01:48
PHST- 2022/06/29 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2022/08/08 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2022/08/19 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2022/09/23 01:48 [entrez]
PHST- 2022/09/24 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2022/09/28 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2022/08/25 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - v14091872 [pii]
AID - viruses-14-01872 [pii]
AID - 10.3390/v14091872 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Viruses. 2022 Aug 25;14(9):1872. doi: 10.3390/v14091872.