PMID- 36158210 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20220928 IS - 2296-634X (Print) IS - 2296-634X (Electronic) IS - 2296-634X (Linking) VI - 10 DP - 2022 TI - Craniofacial tendon development-Characterization of extracellular matrix morphology and spatiotemporal protein distribution. PG - 944126 LID - 10.3389/fcell.2022.944126 [doi] LID - 944126 AB - Craniofacial (CF) tendons are often affected by traumatic injuries and painful disorders that can severely compromise critical jaw functions, such as mastication and talking. Unfortunately, tendons lack the ability to regenerate, and there are no solutions to restore their native properties or function. An understanding of jaw tendon development could inform tendon regeneration strategies to restore jaw function, however CF tendon development has been relatively unexplored. Using the chick embryo, we identified the jaw-closing Tendon of the musculus Adductor Mandibulae Externus (TmAM) and the jaw-opening Tendon of the musculus Depressor Mandibulae (TmDM) that have similar functions to the masticatory tendons in humans. Using histological and immunohistochemical (IHC) analyses, we characterized the TmAM and TmDM on the basis of cell and extracellular matrix (ECM) morphology and spatiotemporal protein distribution from early to late embryonic development. The TmAM and TmDM were detectable as early as embryonic day (d) 9 based on histological staining and tenascin-C (TNC) protein distribution. Collagen content increased and became more organized, cell density decreased, and cell nuclei elongated over time during development in both the TmAM and TmDM. The TmAM and TmDM exhibited similar spatiotemporal patterns for collagen type III (COL3), but differential spatiotemporal patterns for TNC, lysyl oxidase (LOX), and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). Our results demonstrate markers that play a role in limb tendon formation are also present in jaw tendons during embryonic development, implicate COL3, TNC, LOX, MMP2, and MMP9 in jaw tendon development, and suggest TmAM and TmDM possess different developmental programs. Taken together, our study suggests the chick embryo may be used as a model with which to study CF tendon extracellular matrix development, the results of which could ultimately inform therapeutic approaches for CF tendon injuries and disorders. CI - Copyright (c) 2022 Korntner, Jana, Kinnard, Leo, Beane, Li, Sengupta, Becker and Kuo. FAU - Korntner, Stefanie H AU - Korntner SH AD - Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, United States. FAU - Jana, Aniket AU - Jana A AD - Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, United States. FAU - Kinnard, Elizabeth AU - Kinnard E AD - Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, United States. FAU - Leo, Emily AU - Leo E AD - Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, United States. FAU - Beane, Timothy AU - Beane T AD - Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, United States. FAU - Li, Xianmu AU - Li X AD - Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, United States. FAU - Sengupta, Rohit AU - Sengupta R AD - Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, United States. FAU - Becker, Lauren AU - Becker L AD - Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, United States. FAU - Kuo, Catherine K AU - Kuo CK AD - Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, United States. AD - Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, United States. AD - Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States. AD - Department of Orthopaedics, University of Maryland Medical Center, Baltimore, MD, United States. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20220907 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Cell Dev Biol JT - Frontiers in cell and developmental biology JID - 101630250 PMC - PMC9490420 OTO - NOTNLM OT - chick embryo OT - collagen OT - craniofacial OT - jaw OT - lysyl oxidase OT - matrix metalloproteinase OT - tendon OT - tendon development EDAT- 2022/09/27 06:00 MHDA- 2022/09/27 06:01 PMCR- 2022/01/01 CRDT- 2022/09/26 17:17 PHST- 2022/05/14 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/08/10 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/09/26 17:17 [entrez] PHST- 2022/09/27 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/09/27 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2022/01/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 944126 [pii] AID - 10.3389/fcell.2022.944126 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Cell Dev Biol. 2022 Sep 7;10:944126. doi: 10.3389/fcell.2022.944126. eCollection 2022.