PMID- 36160777
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20220928
IS  - 2296-2360 (Print)
IS  - 2296-2360 (Electronic)
IS  - 2296-2360 (Linking)
VI  - 10
DP  - 2022
TI  - Immune-modulatory effect of human milk in reducing the risk of Kawasaki disease: 
      A nationwide study in Korea.
PG  - 1001272
LID - 10.3389/fped.2022.1001272 [doi]
LID - 1001272
AB  - BACKGROUND: Kawasaki disease (KD) is the most common acquired heart disease among 
      children in developed countries, but the etiology is still unclear. There are 
      several hypotheses regarding the outbreak of KD, including infection, genetics, 
      and immunity. Since breastfeeding plays an essential role in the immune system's 
      composition, investigating breastfeeding's effects on the occurrence of KD would 
      be an excellent way to identify the etiology of KD. AIM: To determine whether the 
      incidence of KD decreases with breastfeeding. METHODS: This nationwide cohort 
      study analyzed data from the National Health Insurance Service (NHIS) in South 
      Korea and included 1,910,438 infants who underwent their first National 
      Children's Health Examination (NCHE) between 2008 and 2014. Feeding types were 
      collected using a questionnaire in NCHE. The NHIS data and NCHE data were merged 
      and analyzed. First, we investigated the effect of breastfeeding on the 
      development of KD at 1 year of age. Then, we surveyed the age at which no 
      significant effect appeared by expanding the observation range yearly. RESULTS: 
      The most prevalent feeding type in the study population was exclusive 
      breastfeeding (41.5%). At 10-12 months of follow-up age, 3,854 (0.2%) infants 
      were diagnosed with KD. Compared to the exclusive formula feeding group, the 
      adjusted odds ratio (aOR) for KD was 0.84 [95% confidence interval (CI), 
      0.78-0.90] and 0.86 (95% CI, 0.79-0.94) in the exclusive and partial 
      breastfeeding groups, respectively. At 22-24 months of age, aOR for KD was 0.94 
      (95% CI, 0.90-0.98) in the exclusive breastfeeding group and 0.98 (95% CI, 
      0.92-1.03) in the partial breastfeeding group. There was no difference in the 
      risk between the groups at 34-36 months. CONCLUSIONS: Using a large amount of 
      national data on children aged <2 years, we proved that breastfeeding has a 
      protective effect on the development of KD.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2022 Na, Cho, Lee, Yang and Kim.
FAU - Na, Jae Yoon
AU  - Na JY
AD  - Department of Pediatrics, Hanyang University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea.
FAU - Cho, Yongil
AU  - Cho Y
AD  - Department of Emergency Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, 
      South Korea.
AD  - Department of Emergency Medicine, Hanyang University Hospital, Seoul, South 
      Korea.
FAU - Lee, Juncheol
AU  - Lee J
AD  - Department of Emergency Medicine, Hanyang University Hospital, Seoul, South 
      Korea.
FAU - Yang, Seung
AU  - Yang S
AD  - Department of Pediatrics, Hanyang University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea.
AD  - Department of Pediatrics, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, South 
      Korea.
FAU - Kim, Yong Joo
AU  - Kim YJ
AD  - Department of Pediatrics, Hanyang University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea.
AD  - Department of Pediatrics, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, South 
      Korea.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20220908
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Front Pediatr
JT  - Frontiers in pediatrics
JID - 101615492
PMC - PMC9492926
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Kawasaki disease
OT  - breastfeeding
OT  - immunomodulatory effect
OT  - mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome
OT  - national data study
COIS- The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any 
      commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential 
      conflict of interest.
EDAT- 2022/09/27 06:00
MHDA- 2022/09/27 06:01
PMCR- 2022/09/08
CRDT- 2022/09/26 17:56
PHST- 2022/07/23 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2022/08/15 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2022/09/26 17:56 [entrez]
PHST- 2022/09/27 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2022/09/27 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2022/09/08 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.3389/fped.2022.1001272 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Front Pediatr. 2022 Sep 8;10:1001272. doi: 10.3389/fped.2022.1001272. eCollection 
      2022.