PMID- 36162409
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20221109
LR  - 20221222
IS  - 1361-6560 (Electronic)
IS  - 0031-9155 (Linking)
VI  - 67
IP  - 22
DP  - 2022 Nov 7
TI  - Quantification of pulmonary functional MRI: state-of-the-art and emerging image 
      processing methods and measurements.
LID - 10.1088/1361-6560/ac9510 [doi]
AB  - Pulmonary functional magnetic resonance imaging (PfMRI) provides a way to 
      non-invasively map and measure the spatial distribution of pulmonary ventilation, 
      perfusion and gas-exchange abnormalities with unprecedented detail of functional 
      processes at the level of airways, alveoli and the alveolar-capillary membrane. 
      Current PfMRI approaches are dominated by hyperpolarized helium-3 ((3)He) and 
      xenon-129 ((129)Xe) gases, which both provide rapid (8-15 s) and well-tolerated 
      imaging examinations in patients with severe pulmonary diseases and pediatric 
      populations, whilst employing no ionizing radiation. While a number of review 
      papers summarize the required image acquisition hardware and software 
      requirements needed to enable PfMRI, here we focus on the image analysis and 
      processing methods required for reproducible measurements using hyperpolarized 
      gas ventilation MRI. We start with the transition in the literature from 
      qualitative and subjective scoring systems to quantitative and objective 
      measurements which enable precise quantification of the lung's critical 
      structure-function relationship. We provide an overview of quantitative 
      biomarkers and the relevant respiratory system parameters that may be measured 
      using PfMRI methods, outlining the history of developments in the field, current 
      methods and then knowledge gaps and typical limitations. We focus on 
      hyperpolarized noble gas MR image processing methods used for quantifying 
      ventilation and gas distribution in the lungs, and discuss the utility and 
      applications of imaging biomarkers generated through these techniques. We 
      conclude with a summary of the current and future directions to further the 
      development of image processing methods, and discuss the remaining challenges for 
      potential clinical translation of these approaches and their integration into 
      standard clinical workflows.
CI  - Creative Commons Attribution license.
FAU - Sharma, Maksym
AU  - Sharma M
AD  - Robarts Research Institute, Western University, London, Canada.
AD  - Department of Medical Biophysics, Western University, London, Canada.
FAU - Wyszkiewicz, Paulina V
AU  - Wyszkiewicz PV
AD  - Robarts Research Institute, Western University, London, Canada.
AD  - Department of Medical Biophysics, Western University, London, Canada.
FAU - Desaigoudar, Vedanth
AU  - Desaigoudar V
AD  - Department of Medical Biophysics, Western University, London, Canada.
FAU - Guo, Fumin
AU  - Guo F
AD  - Sunnybrook Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
FAU - Capaldi, Dante Pi
AU  - Capaldi DP
AD  - Department of Radiation Oncology, Division of Physics, University of California 
      San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, CA, United States of America.
FAU - Parraga, Grace
AU  - Parraga G
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5619-4145
AD  - Robarts Research Institute, Western University, London, Canada.
AD  - Department of Medical Biophysics, Western University, London, Canada.
AD  - Division of Respirology, Department of Medicine, Western University, London, 
      Canada.
AD  - School of Biomedical Engineering, Western University, London, Canada.
LA  - eng
GR  - CIHR/Canada
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PT  - Review
DEP - 20221107
PL  - England
TA  - Phys Med Biol
JT  - Physics in medicine and biology
JID - 0401220
RN  - 206GF3GB41 (Helium)
SB  - IM
MH  - Child
MH  - Humans
MH  - *Helium
MH  - *Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods
MH  - Lung/diagnostic imaging
MH  - Image Processing, Computer-Assisted
MH  - Pulmonary Ventilation
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - COPD
OT  - hyperpolarized gas MRI
OT  - machine learning
OT  - pulmonary functional MR image processing
OT  - registration
OT  - segmentation
OT  - ventilation
EDAT- 2022/09/27 06:00
MHDA- 2022/11/10 06:00
CRDT- 2022/09/26 19:08
PHST- 2022/04/26 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2022/09/26 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2022/09/27 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2022/11/10 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2022/09/26 19:08 [entrez]
AID - 10.1088/1361-6560/ac9510 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Phys Med Biol. 2022 Nov 7;67(22). doi: 10.1088/1361-6560/ac9510.