PMID- 36209084
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20221011
LR  - 20221013
IS  - 1472-6823 (Electronic)
IS  - 1472-6823 (Linking)
VI  - 22
IP  - 1
DP  - 2022 Oct 8
TI  - Decreased inflammatory gene expression accompanies the improvement of liver 
      enzyme and lipid profile following aerobic training and vitamin D supplementation 
      in T2DM patients.
PG  - 245
LID - 10.1186/s12902-022-01152-x [doi]
LID - 245
AB  - BACKGROUND: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is one of the health issues causing 
      untoward low-grade systemic inflammation. Aerobic Training (AT) and Vitamin D 
      (Vit D) supplementation are among the approaches that improve lipid profile and 
      liver enzymes in T2DM. However, the mechanisms responsible for these improvements 
      are not fully elucidated. OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of 
      AT and Vit D supplementation on lipid profile, liver enzymes, Interleukin-6 
      (IL-6), Interleukin-10 (IL-10), Cluster of differentiation 27 (CD27), Chemokine 
      (C-X-C motif) Ligand 13 (CXCL13), Interferon-Gamma (IFN-gamma) and Transforming 
      Growth Factor-Beta 1 (TGF-beta1) gene expressions in patients with T2DM. METHODS: In 
      this study, 40 male T2DM patients aged 35-50 years were randomly selected and 
      assigned into four groups (n = 10 for each); AT+vitamin D supplementation (AT+Vit 
      D), AT+placebo (AT), Vit D supplementation (Vit D), and control+placebo (C). The 
      intervention consisted of 8 weeks of 20-40 minutes AT protocol at 60-75% HR(max) 
      3 sessions/week and taking 50,000 IU of Vit D supplement once a week. Serum 
      levels of lipid profile and liver enzymes and gene expression of IL-6, IL-10, 
      CD27, CXCL13, IFN-gamma, and TGF-beta1 in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells (PBMCs) 
      were measured. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), Tukey's post hoc, and paired 
      sample t-test at P-values less than 0.05 were used to analyze the data using SPSS 
      software. RESULTS: AT+Vit D, AT, and Vit D significantly decreased TC, TG, LDL, 
      AST, ALT, and GGT while increased HDL after 8 weeks in favor of AT+Vit D. Also, 
      gene expressions of IL-6, IL-10, CD27, CXCL13, IFN-gamma, and TGF-beta1 were 
      downregulated significantly in AT+Vit D, AT, and Vit D, while upregulated in C. 
      Furthermore, compared to individual AT or Vit D, AT+Vit D significantly 
      downregulated IL-6 (P = 0.013; P = 0.025), IL-10 (P = 0.012; P = 0.026), CD27 
      (P = 0.023; P = 0.041), CXCL13 (P = 0.014; P = 0.025), IFN-gamma (P = 0.017; 
      P = 0.026), and TGF-beta1 (P = 0.001; P = 0.028). CONCLUSION: In comparison to 
      individual AT or Vit D, AT+Vit D may enhance lipid profile, and liver enzymes and 
      drive the balance to favor inhibition of inflammation by downregulating gene 
      expression of inflammation-related factors. As a result, AT+Vit D may be 
      considered appropriate therapy for managing T2DM.
CI  - (c) 2022. The Author(s).
FAU - Hoseini, Rastegar
AU  - Hoseini R
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8685-2471
AD  - Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Razi University, 
      P.O.Box. 6714414971, Kermanshah, Iran. R.hoseini@razi.ac.ir.
FAU - Rahim, Hiwa Ahmed
AU  - Rahim HA
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7823-2803
AD  - Physical Education and Sport Sciences Department, University of Halabja, Halabja, 
      Kurdistan Region, 46018, Iraq.
FAU - Ahmed, Jalal Khdhr
AU  - Ahmed JK
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2798-1606
AD  - Physical Education and Sport Sciences Department, University of Halabja, Halabja, 
      Kurdistan Region, 46018, Iraq.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Randomized Controlled Trial
DEP - 20221008
PL  - England
TA  - BMC Endocr Disord
JT  - BMC endocrine disorders
JID - 101088676
RN  - 0 (Interleukin-6)
RN  - 0 (Ligands)
RN  - 0 (Lipids)
RN  - 0 (Transforming Growth Factor beta1)
RN  - 0 (Vitamins)
RN  - 130068-27-8 (Interleukin-10)
RN  - 1406-16-2 (Vitamin D)
RN  - 76057-06-2 (Transforming Growth Factors)
RN  - 82115-62-6 (Interferon-gamma)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adult
MH  - *Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/genetics/therapy
MH  - Dietary Supplements
MH  - Gene Expression
MH  - Humans
MH  - Inflammation
MH  - Interferon-gamma/therapeutic use
MH  - Interleukin-10
MH  - Interleukin-6
MH  - Leukocytes, Mononuclear
MH  - Ligands
MH  - Lipids
MH  - Liver
MH  - Male
MH  - Middle Aged
MH  - Transforming Growth Factor beta1/therapeutic use
MH  - Transforming Growth Factors/therapeutic use
MH  - Vitamin D
MH  - Vitamins/therapeutic use
PMC - PMC9547373
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Diabetes
OT  - Exercise
OT  - Inflammation
OT  - Vitamin D
COIS- The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or 
      personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in 
      this paper.
EDAT- 2022/10/09 06:00
MHDA- 2022/10/12 06:00
PMCR- 2022/10/08
CRDT- 2022/10/08 23:16
PHST- 2022/05/05 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2022/09/14 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2022/10/08 23:16 [entrez]
PHST- 2022/10/09 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2022/10/12 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2022/10/08 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.1186/s12902-022-01152-x [pii]
AID - 1152 [pii]
AID - 10.1186/s12902-022-01152-x [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - BMC Endocr Disord. 2022 Oct 8;22(1):245. doi: 10.1186/s12902-022-01152-x.