PMID- 36223944
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20221115
LR  - 20221202
IS  - 1347-7439 (Electronic)
IS  - 0916-7250 (Print)
IS  - 0916-7250 (Linking)
VI  - 84
IP  - 11
DP  - 2022 Nov 14
TI  - Histopathological findings of the nasopharynx-associated lymphoid tissue of pigs 
      co-infected with porcine circovirus 2 and porcine reproductive and respiratory 
      syndrome virus.
PG  - 1536-1542
LID - 10.1292/jvms.22-0231 [doi]
AB  - Porcine circovirus 2 (PCV2) causes porcine circovirus-associated disease, and 
      co-infection with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) 
      severely affects the pig breeding industry. Both viruses target the macrophages 
      in lymphoid tissues. Various porcine pathogens enter via the nasal cavity, and 
      the nasopharynx-associated lymphoid tissue (NALT) acts as the mucosal immune 
      system. However, the pathological analysis has not progressed. This study aimed 
      to histologically examine the NALT of pigs with suspected PCV2 and PRRSV 
      infections. Six pigs were subjected to necropsy, and their NALT, tonsils, and 
      mesenteric lymph nodes were collected. Macrophages, lymphocytic depletion, 
      multinucleated giant cells, intracytoplasmic inclusion bodies, and neutrophil 
      infiltration increased in the NALT. In situ hybridization revealed positive 
      signals for PCV2 in the NALT of all pigs and PRRSV in the NALT of three pigs. 
      PCV2-positive macrophages were mainly identified in the follicles, whereas 
      PRRSV-positive tissues were found primarily around the crypt and directly below 
      the epithelium. Quantitative PCR revealed 10(8)-10(10) copies of PCV2 DNA/microL and 
      10(2)-10(4) copies of PRRSV DNA/microL in the NALT. Therefore, both PCV2 and PRRSV 
      were detected in the NALT of pigs. In conclusion, the infection and replication 
      of both viruses in the NALT and tonsils may suppress host immunity and promote 
      co-infection with other pathogens.
FAU - Toyama, Keiko
AU  - Toyama K
AD  - Graduate School of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine, University of Miyazaki, 
      Miyazaki, Japan.
AD  - Department of Animal Health, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, 
      Miyazaki, Japan.
FAU - Hirai, Takuya
AU  - Hirai T
AD  - Graduate School of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine, University of Miyazaki, 
      Miyazaki, Japan.
AD  - Department of Veterinary Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of 
      Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan.
FAU - Sueyoshi, Masuo
AU  - Sueyoshi M
AD  - Graduate School of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine, University of Miyazaki, 
      Miyazaki, Japan.
AD  - Department of Animal Health, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, 
      Miyazaki, Japan.
FAU - Zhou, Ziheng
AU  - Zhou Z
AD  - Graduate School of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine, University of Miyazaki, 
      Miyazaki, Japan.
AD  - Department of Veterinary Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of 
      Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan.
FAU - Niazi, Ahmad Massoud
AU  - Niazi AM
AD  - Graduate School of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine, University of Miyazaki, 
      Miyazaki, Japan.
AD  - Department of Veterinary Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of 
      Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan.
FAU - Kawaguchi, Nijiho
AU  - Kawaguchi N
AD  - Department of Veterinary Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of 
      Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan.
FAU - Fuke, Naoyuki
AU  - Fuke N
AD  - Department of Veterinary Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of 
      Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan.
FAU - Yamaguchi, Ryouji
AU  - Yamaguchi R
AD  - Department of Veterinary Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of 
      Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20221013
PL  - Japan
TA  - J Vet Med Sci
JT  - The Journal of veterinary medical science
JID - 9105360
RN  - 0 (Antibodies, Viral)
SB  - IM
MH  - Swine
MH  - Animals
MH  - *Circovirus
MH  - *Porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus
MH  - *Circoviridae Infections/veterinary/pathology
MH  - *Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome
MH  - *Coinfection/veterinary
MH  - *Swine Diseases
MH  - Lymphoid Tissue
MH  - Nasopharynx
MH  - Antibodies, Viral
PMC - PMC9705823
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Nasopharynx-associated lymphoid tissue (NALT)
OT  - Porcine circovirus 2 (PCV2)
OT  - Porcine circovirus-associated disease (PCVAD)
OT  - Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV)
OT  - tonsils
COIS- The authors have no competing interests to disclose.
EDAT- 2022/10/13 06:00
MHDA- 2022/11/16 06:00
PMCR- 2022/11/01
CRDT- 2022/10/12 20:53
PHST- 2022/10/13 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2022/11/16 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2022/10/12 20:53 [entrez]
PHST- 2022/11/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 22-0231 [pii]
AID - 10.1292/jvms.22-0231 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Vet Med Sci. 2022 Nov 14;84(11):1536-1542. doi: 10.1292/jvms.22-0231. Epub 2022 
      Oct 13.