PMID- 36232223
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20221017
LR  - 20230113
IS  - 1660-4601 (Electronic)
IS  - 1661-7827 (Print)
IS  - 1660-4601 (Linking)
VI  - 19
IP  - 19
DP  - 2022 Oct 9
TI  - How Do Healthy Women Perceive the Risk of Breast Cancer? The Role of Illness 
      Perceptions and Compared Risk between Portugal and the U.A.E.
LID - 10.3390/ijerph191912923 [doi]
LID - 12923
AB  - (1) Background: Breast cancer (BC) shows significant epidemiological differences 
      between Eastern and Western countries. These may arise from socio-cultural 
      factors influencing how healthy young women perceive this condition, their risk 
      of getting cancer, and the implications for preventive screening behaviors. In 
      this study, the illness perceptions, individual risk perception, compared risk, 
      and beliefs about preventive behaviors for BC of female university students were 
      compared using an anonymous online survey between a European country (Portugal) 
      and the United Arab Emirates. (2) Method: A structural equation model (SEM) was 
      developed to investigate the hypothetical relationship between illness 
      perceptions and compared risk as predictors of perceived risk for BC. (3) 
      Results: There were significant differences between the study variables. The SEM 
      was invariant, but the differences between regression coefficients in both 
      countries were highly statistically significant. Mediation analyses revealed a 
      significant indirect effect of compared risk on individual risk and a 
      significantly stronger direct effect for the Emirati sample. (4) Conclusions: 
      These findings suggest that cultural research may help to explain factors that 
      may shape social comparison of individual risk characteristics and influence 
      perceived risk. Moreover, providing culturally appropriate strategies to be 
      designed and implemented can promote early detection behaviors for BC.
FAU - Figueiras, Maria J
AU  - Figueiras MJ
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3941-0229
AD  - Department of Psychology, College of Natural Health and Sciences, Zayed 
      University, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 144534, United Arab Emirates.
FAU - Neto, David Dias
AU  - Neto DD
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3129-262X
AD  - APPsyCI-Applied Psychology Research Center Capabilities & Inclusion, 
      ISPA-Instituto Universitario, 1149-041 Lisboa, Portugal.
FAU - Maroco, Joao
AU  - Maroco J
AD  - William James Center for Research, ISPA-Instituto Universitario, 1149-041 Lisboa, 
      Portugal.
FAU - Carmo, Catarina
AU  - Carmo C
AD  - School of Psychology, ISPA-Instituto Universitario, 1149-041 Lisboa, Portugal.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20221009
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Int J Environ Res Public Health
JT  - International journal of environmental research and public health
JID - 101238455
SB  - IM
MH  - *Breast Neoplasms/diagnosis/epidemiology
MH  - Early Detection of Cancer
MH  - Female
MH  - Health Status
MH  - Humans
MH  - Portugal/epidemiology
MH  - Surveys and Questionnaires
PMC - PMC9566403
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - breast cancer
OT  - compared risk
OT  - cultural context
OT  - illness perceptions
OT  - risk perception
COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest.
EDAT- 2022/10/15 06:00
MHDA- 2022/10/18 06:00
PMCR- 2022/10/09
CRDT- 2022/10/14 02:05
PHST- 2022/08/26 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2022/10/04 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2022/10/06 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2022/10/14 02:05 [entrez]
PHST- 2022/10/15 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2022/10/18 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2022/10/09 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - ijerph191912923 [pii]
AID - ijerph-19-12923 [pii]
AID - 10.3390/ijerph191912923 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Oct 9;19(19):12923. doi: 
      10.3390/ijerph191912923.