PMID- 36238291 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20221017 LR - 20221019 IS - 1664-3224 (Electronic) IS - 1664-3224 (Linking) VI - 13 DP - 2022 TI - Structure of a new glycyrrhiza polysaccharide and its immunomodulatory activity. PG - 1007186 LID - 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1007186 [doi] LID - 1007186 AB - A component of licorice polysaccharide (GPS-1) was extracted from licorice, its primary structure was identified and characterized for the first time, and its immunomodulatory activity was studied. Crude licorice polysaccharide was isolated and purified by DEAE sepharose FF ion-exchange column chromatography and Chromdex 200 PG gel filtration column chromatography to obtain a purified Glycyrrhiza polysaccharide named GPS-1. NMR and methylation analysis revealed that GPS-1 is composed of homogalacturonan (HG)-type pectin with 4)-D-GalpA-(1 as the backbone. This study of GPS-1 also examined its significant role in regulating immune activity in vitro and in vivo. As a result, GPS-1 promoted the secretion of IFN-gamma and IL-4 in mice and increased the proportion of CD3(+)CD4(+) and CD3(+)CD8(+) T lymphocytes in their spleens. Dendritic cells (DCs) treated with GPS-1 showed promotion of DC maturation, antigen presentation, and phagocytic capacity. The results suggest that GPS-1 is a potential immunomodulator that stimulates the immune system by regulating multiple signaling pathways. Combined with our characterization of the primary structure of GPS-1, the present investigation provides the basis for future study of the form-function relationship of polysaccharides. CI - Copyright (c) 2022 Wu, Zhou, Wei, Zhang, Che, Nguyen, Pandita, Wan, Cui, Zhou, Li, Hao, Lei, Wang, Yang, Liang, Liu and Wu. FAU - Wu, Yu AU - Wu Y AD - Ministry of Education (MOE) Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China. AD - Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China. FAU - Zhou, Hui AU - Zhou H AD - Ministry of Education (MOE) Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China. AD - Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China. FAU - Wei, Kunhua AU - Wei K AD - Guangxi Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources Protection and Genetic Improvement/Guangxi Engineering Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Resource Intelligent Creation, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plant, Nan Ning, China. FAU - Zhang, Tao AU - Zhang T AD - Beijing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China. FAU - Che, Yanyun AU - Che Y AD - Engineering Laboratory for National Healthcare Theories and Products of Yunnan Province, College of Pharmaceutical Science, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China. FAU - Nguyen, Audrey D AU - Nguyen AD AD - Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Davis Medical Center, University of California, Davis Medical, Sacramento, CA, United States. FAU - Pandita, Sakshi AU - Pandita S AD - Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Davis Medical Center, University of California, Davis Medical, Sacramento, CA, United States. FAU - Wan, Xin AU - Wan X AD - Ministry of Education (MOE) Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China. AD - Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China. FAU - Cui, Xuejie AU - Cui X AD - Ministry of Education (MOE) Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China. FAU - Zhou, Bingxue AU - Zhou B AD - Ministry of Education (MOE) Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China. FAU - Li, Caiyue AU - Li C AD - Ministry of Education (MOE) Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China. AD - Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China. FAU - Hao, Ping AU - Hao P AD - Ministry of Education (MOE) Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China. AD - Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China. FAU - Lei, Hongjun AU - Lei H AD - Ministry of Education (MOE) Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China. AD - Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China. FAU - Wang, Lin AU - Wang L AD - Animal Science and Veterinary College, Jiangsu Vocational College of Agricultural and Forestry, Zhenjiang, China. FAU - Yang, Xiaonan AU - Yang X AD - Guangxi Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources Protection and Genetic Improvement/Guangxi Engineering Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Resource Intelligent Creation, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plant, Nan Ning, China. FAU - Liang, Ying AU - Liang Y AD - Guangxi Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources Protection and Genetic Improvement/Guangxi Engineering Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Resource Intelligent Creation, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plant, Nan Ning, China. FAU - Liu, Jiaguo AU - Liu J AD - Ministry of Education (MOE) Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China. AD - Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China. FAU - Wu, Yi AU - Wu Y AD - Ministry of Education (MOE) Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China. AD - Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20220927 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Immunol JT - Frontiers in immunology JID - 101560960 RN - 0 (Immunologic Factors) RN - 0 (Polysaccharides) RN - 0 (Triterpenes) RN - 207137-56-2 (Interleukin-4) RN - 89NA02M4RX (Pectins) SB - IM MH - Animals MH - *Glycyrrhiza/chemistry MH - Immunologic Factors/chemistry MH - Interleukin-4 MH - Mice MH - Pectins MH - Polysaccharides/chemistry MH - *Triterpenes PMC - PMC9551306 OTO - NOTNLM OT - dendritic cells OT - glycyrrhiza polysaccharide OT - immunomodulatory activity OT - structural characterization OT - toll-like receptor COIS- The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2022/10/15 06:00 MHDA- 2022/10/18 06:00 PMCR- 2022/01/01 CRDT- 2022/10/14 03:03 PHST- 2022/07/30 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/08/29 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/10/14 03:03 [entrez] PHST- 2022/10/15 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/10/18 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/01/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1007186 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Immunol. 2022 Sep 27;13:1007186. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1007186. eCollection 2022.