PMID- 36238531
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20221015
IS  - 2364-3722 (Print)
IS  - 2196-9736 (Electronic)
IS  - 2196-9736 (Linking)
VI  - 10
IP  - 8
DP  - 2022 Aug
TI  - Hemostatic powders for gastrointestinal bleeding: a review of old, new, and 
      emerging agents in a rapidly advancing field.
PG  - E1136-E1146
LID - 10.1055/a-1836-8962 [doi]
AB  - Background and study aims  Hemostatic powders are increasingly used to address 
      limitations in conventional endoscopic techniques for gastrointestinal bleeding. 
      Various agents exist with different compositions, characteristics, efficacy, and 
      adverse events (AEs). We sought to review existing hemostatic powders, from 
      preclinical to established agents. Methods  A literature review on hemostatic 
      powders for gastrointestinal bleeding was undertaken through a MEDLINE search 
      from 2000-2021 and hand searching of articles. Relevant literature was critically 
      appraised and reviewed for mechanism of action, hemostasis and rebleeding rate, 
      factors associated with hemostatic failure, and AEs. Results  The most 
      established agents are TC-325 (Hemospray), EndoClot, and Ankaferd Blood Stopper 
      (ABS). These agents have been successfully applied to a variety of upper and 
      lower gastrointestinal bleeding etiologies, in the form of primary, combination, 
      salvage, and bridging therapy. Few AEs have been reported, including visceral 
      perforation, venous embolism, and self-limited abdominal pain. Newer agents 
      include CEGP-003 and UI-EWD, which have shown results similar to those for the 
      older agents in initial clinical studies. All aforementioned powders have high 
      immediate hemostasis rates, particularly in scenarios not amenable to 
      conventional endoscopic methods, but are limited by significant rates of 
      rebleeding. Other treatments include TDM-621 (PuraStat) consisting of a liquid 
      hemostatic agent newly applied to endoscopy and self-propelling thrombin powder 
      (CounterFlow Powder), a preclinical but promising agent. Conclusions  Rapid 
      development of hemostatic powders and growing clinical expertise has established 
      these agents as a valuable strategy in gastrointestinal bleeding. Further 
      research will continue to refine the efficacy and applicability of these agents.
CI  - The Author(s). This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms 
      of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonDerivative-NonCommercial License, 
      permitting copying and reproduction so long as the original work is given 
      appropriate credit. Contents may not be used for commercial purposes, or adapted, 
      remixed, transformed or built upon. 
      (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
FAU - Jiang, Shirley X
AU  - Jiang SX
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0164-0619
AD  - Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
FAU - Chahal, Daljeet
AU  - Chahal D
AD  - Division of Gastroenterology, Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, New York, United 
      States.
FAU - Ali-Mohamad, Nabil
AU  - Ali-Mohamad N
AD  - Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, 
      Canada.
AD  - Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
FAU - Kastrup, Christian
AU  - Kastrup C
AD  - Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, 
      Canada.
AD  - Blood Research Institute, Versiti, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States.
FAU - Donnellan, Fergal
AU  - Donnellan F
AD  - Division of Gastroenterology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver General 
      Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
DEP - 20220815
PL  - Germany
TA  - Endosc Int Open
JT  - Endoscopy international open
JID - 101639919
PMC - PMC9552790
COIS- Competing interests Dr. Kastrup is the inventor on patents and intellectual 
      property, and Dr. Ali-Mohamad, Dr. Donnellan, and Dr. Kastrup are involved in 
      commercialization activities related to self-propelling thrombin powder.
EDAT- 2022/10/15 06:00
MHDA- 2022/10/15 06:01
PMCR- 2022/08/01
CRDT- 2022/10/14 03:07
PHST- 2022/01/15 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2022/04/20 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2022/10/14 03:07 [entrez]
PHST- 2022/10/15 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2022/10/15 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2022/08/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.1055/a-1836-8962 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Endosc Int Open. 2022 Aug 15;10(8):E1136-E1146. doi: 10.1055/a-1836-8962. 
      eCollection 2022 Aug.