PMID- 36241120
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20221123
LR  - 20221123
IS  - 1879-1298 (Electronic)
IS  - 0045-6535 (Linking)
VI  - 311
IP  - Pt 1
DP  - 2023 Jan
TI  - Influence of aged and pristine polyethylene microplastics on bioavailability of 
      three heavy metals in soil: Toxic effects to earthworms (Eisenia fetida).
PG  - 136833
LID - S0045-6535(22)03326-4 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136833 [doi]
AB  - Virgin microplastics (MPs) would undergo aging process when entering environment, 
      the adsorption capability of pollutants onto MPs may change during the aging 
      process. To better understand the influence of aged polyethylene microplastics 
      (PE-MP) on the bioavailability of three heavy metals (Zn, Pb, and Cd) in soil, 
      hydrogen peroxide exposure (3% H(2)O(2)) and ultraviolet irradiation methods were 
      employed to simulate the aging process. After aging process, different amount 
      (0.1%, 1%, 10%) of PE-MP (pristine or aged) was added into soil to assess the 
      ability of soil (containing PE-MP) adsorbing heavy metal. Moreover, different 
      amount (0.01%, 0.1%, 1%) of PE-MP (pristine or aged) was added into soil to 
      cultivate the earthworms to assess the impact of PE-MP on bioavailability of 
      three heavy metals. Results indicated that the aged and virgin PE-MP had similar 
      capability to adsorb heavy metal, the adsorption ability of Zn(2+), Pb(2+), and 
      Cd(2+) to pristine PE-MP were 2.42, 7.47, and 7.76 mg/g, respectively. The 
      concentration of Zn or Pb in earthworms in treatments of metal +1% PE-MP was 
      slightly higher than that in single metal (Zn or Pb) treatment, moreover, the 
      concentration of Cd in earthworms in treatment of Cd + 1% PE-MP was significantly 
      (p < 0.05) higher than that in single Cd treatment, exhibiting that 1% of PE-MP 
      enhanced the bioavailability of heavy metals in soil. However, heavy metal 
      concentrations in earthworms in treatments of metal + pristine PE-MP showed 
      insignificant (p > 0.05) difference with those in treatments of metal + aged 
      PE-MP, indicating that the aging process in this study did not change the 
      environmental influence of PE-MP on heavy metals bioavailability. Superoxide 
      dismutase activity, reactive oxygen species level, malondialdehyde content, and 
      related gene expression in earthworms showed that PE-MP and heavy metals would 
      bring toxic synergy to earthworms, therefore, the influence of MPs should be 
      comprehensively considered when determining the environmental risk of heavy 
      metals in soil.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2022. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
FAU - Li, Ming
AU  - Li M
AD  - College of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China.
FAU - Jia, Hao
AU  - Jia H
AD  - College of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China.
FAU - Gao, Qingchuan
AU  - Gao Q
AD  - College of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China.
FAU - Han, Song
AU  - Han S
AD  - College of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China.
FAU - Yu, Yong
AU  - Yu Y
AD  - Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of 
      Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130102, China.
FAU - Sun, Long
AU  - Sun L
AD  - College of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China. 
      Electronic address: 13945016458@126.com.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20221011
PL  - England
TA  - Chemosphere
JT  - Chemosphere
JID - 0320657
RN  - 0 (Soil)
RN  - 0 (Microplastics)
RN  - 0 (Plastics)
RN  - 00BH33GNGH (Cadmium)
RN  - 0 (Soil Pollutants)
RN  - 9002-88-4 (Polyethylene)
RN  - BBX060AN9V (Hydrogen Peroxide)
RN  - 2P299V784P (Lead)
RN  - 0 (Metals, Heavy)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - *Oligochaeta/metabolism
MH  - Soil
MH  - Microplastics
MH  - Plastics/metabolism
MH  - Biological Availability
MH  - Cadmium/analysis
MH  - *Soil Pollutants/analysis
MH  - Polyethylene/metabolism
MH  - Hydrogen Peroxide/metabolism
MH  - Lead/toxicity/metabolism
MH  - *Metals, Heavy/analysis
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Aging process
OT  - Bioavailability
OT  - Cd
OT  - Microplastics
OT  - Pb
OT  - Zn
COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known 
      competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared 
      to influence the work reported in this paper.
EDAT- 2022/10/15 06:00
MHDA- 2022/11/24 06:00
CRDT- 2022/10/14 19:34
PHST- 2022/04/18 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2022/09/19 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2022/10/07 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2022/10/15 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2022/11/24 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2022/10/14 19:34 [entrez]
AID - S0045-6535(22)03326-4 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136833 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Chemosphere. 2023 Jan;311(Pt 1):136833. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136833. 
      Epub 2022 Oct 11.