PMID- 36251183
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20230222
LR  - 20230222
IS  - 1614-7499 (Electronic)
IS  - 0944-1344 (Linking)
VI  - 30
IP  - 8
DP  - 2023 Feb
TI  - Health risk assessment of PAHs in fruit juice samples marketed in city of Tehran, 
      Iran.
PG  - 20077-20088
LID - 10.1007/s11356-022-22763-w [doi]
AB  - The objective of the present study was to investigate the level of 16 PAHs in 
      fruit juice samples (orange, apple, peach, pineapple, and mango) with three 
      different packages (PET bottle, Tetra Pak, and canned packaging) by using 
      MSPE/GC-MS (magnetic solid-phase extraction and gas chromatography-mass 
      spectrometry) method. In this method limit of detection (LOD), and limit of 
      quantitation (LOQ), and recovery were 0.030-0.280 mug/L, 0.090-0.840 mug/L, and 
      94.8-102%, respectively. Our results showed the median of total PAHs and PAH4 (in 
      all samples) were 7.67 +/- 3.19 and 0.370 +/- 0.160 mug/L, respectively. The median of 
      BaP in samples was )0.060 +/- 0.030 mug/L( lower than the standard level (0.200 mug/L 
      in drinking water) of US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA). Also, our 
      results showed that pineapple juice had a maximum median of total PAHs of 12.4 +/- 
      4.84 mug/L and mango juice had a minimum median of total PAHs of 5.17 +/- 1.24 mug/L. 
      Additionally, canned packaging had a maximum average total PAHs of 10.6 +/- 5.22 
      mug/L and PET bottles had a minimum average total PAH of 5.25 +/- 2.03 mug/L. A heat 
      map approach was also used to cluster samples. The Monte Carlo results indicated 
      that the estimated daily intake (EDI) rank order was Na > B(g)P > Ch > I(cd)P > 
      B(b)F > Ph > B(k)F > F > Ace > Fl > B(a)P > B(a)A > P >A. The Monte Carlo 
      simulation (MCS) results showed the incremental lifetime cancer risk (ILCR) at 
      the 95th percentiles for adults and children was 4.91 x 10(-7) and 9.12 x 10(-7), 
      respectively. It is concluded that the concentration of PAHs compounds in Iranian 
      fruit juices is lower than the existing standards, and in terms of the risk of 
      carcinogenesis, it does not threaten the human health (< 10(-6)).
CI  - (c) 2022. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, 
      part of Springer Nature.
FAU - Naghashan, Mahsa
AU  - Naghashan M
AD  - Department of Food Science and Technology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, 
      Mashhad, Iran.
FAU - Kargarghomsheh, Pegah
AU  - Kargarghomsheh P
AD  - Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA.
FAU - Nazari, Roshanak Rafiei
AU  - Nazari RR
AD  - Department of Physics, South Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, 
      Iran.
FAU - Mehraie, Abbas
AU  - Mehraie A
AD  - Department of Food Hygiene and Aquaculture, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, 
      Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
FAU - Tooryan, Fahimeh
AU  - Tooryan F
AD  - Department of Food Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Amol University of 
      Special Modern Technologies, Amol, Iran.
AD  - Preventive Veterinary Medicine Graduate Group, School of Veterinary Medicine, 
      University of California, Davis, CA, USA.
FAU - Shariatifar, Nabi
AU  - Shariatifar N
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2861-5758
AD  - Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran 
      University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. nshriatifar@ut.ac.ir.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20221017
PL  - Germany
TA  - Environ Sci Pollut Res Int
JT  - Environmental science and pollution research international
JID - 9441769
RN  - 0 (Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adult
MH  - Child
MH  - Humans
MH  - Iran
MH  - Fruit and Vegetable Juices/analysis
MH  - Risk Assessment
MH  - *Neoplasms
MH  - Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry
MH  - *Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons/analysis
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Benzo(a)pyrene (BaP)
OT  - Estimated daily intake (EDI)
OT  - Incremental lifetime cancer risk (ILCR)
OT  - MSPE-GC/MS method
OT  - Packaging
EDAT- 2022/10/18 06:00
MHDA- 2023/02/22 06:00
CRDT- 2022/10/17 11:23
PHST- 2022/06/08 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2022/08/24 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2022/10/18 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2023/02/22 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2022/10/17 11:23 [entrez]
AID - 10.1007/s11356-022-22763-w [pii]
AID - 10.1007/s11356-022-22763-w [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2023 Feb;30(8):20077-20088. doi: 
      10.1007/s11356-022-22763-w. Epub 2022 Oct 17.