PMID- 36251549
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20221019
LR  - 20231106
IS  - 1537-6591 (Electronic)
IS  - 1058-4838 (Print)
IS  - 1058-4838 (Linking)
VI  - 75
IP  - Suppl 3
DP  - 2022 Oct 17
TI  - Safety of Antimicrobials for Postexposure Prophylaxis and Treatment of Anthrax: A 
      Review.
PG  - S417-S431
LID - 10.1093/cid/ciac592 [doi]
AB  - BACKGROUND: Bacillus anthracis, the causative agent for anthrax, poses a 
      potential bioterrorism threat and is capable of causing mass morbidity and 
      mortality. Antimicrobials are the mainstay of postexposure prophylaxis (PEP) and 
      treatment of anthrax. We conducted this safety review of 24 select antimicrobials 
      to identify any new or emerging serious or severe adverse events (AEs) to help 
      inform their risk-benefit evaluation for anthrax. METHODS: Twenty-four 
      antimicrobials were included in this review. Tertiary data sources (e.g. Lactmed, 
      Micromedex, REPROTOX) were reviewed for safety information and summarized to 
      evaluate the known risks of these antimicrobials. PubMed was also searched for 
      published safety information on serious or severe AEs with these antimicrobials; 
      AEs that met inclusion criteria were abstracted and reviewed. RESULTS: A total of 
      1316 articles were reviewed. No consistent observations or patterns were observed 
      among the abstracted AEs for a given antimicrobial; therefore, the literature 
      review did not reveal evidence of new or emerging AEs that would add to the 
      risk-benefit profiles already known from tertiary data sources. CONCLUSIONS: The 
      reviewed antimicrobials have known and/or potential serious or severe risks that 
      may influence selection when recommending an antimicrobial for PEP or treatment 
      of anthrax. Given the high fatality rate of anthrax, the risk-benefit evaluation 
      favors use of these antimicrobials for anthrax. The potential risks of 
      antimicrobials should not preclude these reviewed antimicrobials from clinical 
      consideration for anthrax but rather guide appropriate antimicrobial selection 
      and prioritization across different patient populations with risk mitigation 
      measures as warranted.
CI  - Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Infectious Diseases Society of 
      America 2022. This work is written by (a) US Government employee(s) and is in the 
      public domain in the US.
FAU - Parker, Corinne M
AU  - Parker CM
AD  - Division of Preparedness and Emerging Infections, National Center for Emerging 
      and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 
      Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
FAU - Karchmer, Adolf W
AU  - Karchmer AW
AD  - Division of Infectious Diseases, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard 
      Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
FAU - Fisher, Margaret C
AU  - Fisher MC
AD  - Clinical Professor of Pediatrics, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson School of Medicine, 
      Monmouth Medical Center, Long Branch, New Jersey, USA.
FAU - Muhammad, Kalimah M
AU  - Muhammad KM
AD  - Division of Preparedness and Emerging Infections, National Center for Emerging 
      and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 
      Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
AD  - Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education Centers for Disease Control and 
      Prevention Fellowship Program, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
FAU - Yu, Patricia A
AU  - Yu PA
AD  - Division of Preparedness and Emerging Infections, National Center for Emerging 
      and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 
      Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
LA  - eng
GR  - CC/CDC HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
PT  - Review
PL  - United States
TA  - Clin Infect Dis
JT  - Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases 
      Society of America
JID - 9203213
RN  - 0 (Anti-Bacterial Agents)
RN  - 0 (Anti-Infective Agents)
SB  - IM
MH  - *Anthrax/drug therapy/prevention & control
MH  - Anti-Bacterial Agents/adverse effects
MH  - *Anti-Infective Agents/adverse effects
MH  - *Bacillus anthracis
MH  - Bioterrorism
MH  - Humans
MH  - Post-Exposure Prophylaxis
PMC - PMC9649414
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - anthrax
OT  - antimicrobials
OT  - safety
EDAT- 2022/10/18 06:00
MHDA- 2022/10/20 06:00
PMCR- 2022/10/17
CRDT- 2022/10/17 13:03
PHST- 2022/10/17 13:03 [entrez]
PHST- 2022/10/18 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2022/10/20 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2022/10/17 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 6762170 [pii]
AID - ciac592 [pii]
AID - 10.1093/cid/ciac592 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Clin Infect Dis. 2022 Oct 17;75(Suppl 3):S417-S431. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciac592.