PMID- 36265574
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20230320
LR  - 20230331
IS  - 1097-6833 (Electronic)
IS  - 0022-3476 (Linking)
VI  - 254
DP  - 2023 Mar
TI  - Acid Suppression and Antibiotics Administered during Infancy Are Associated with 
      Celiac Disease.
PG  - 61-67.e1
LID - S0022-3476(22)00900-3 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.jpeds.2022.10.013 [doi]
AB  - OBJECTIVE: To investigate why certain at-risk individuals develop celiac disease 
      (CD), we examined the association of proton pump inhibitors (PPI), histamine-2 
      receptor antagonists (H2RAs), and antibiotic prescriptions in the first 6 months 
      of life with an early childhood diagnosis of CD. STUDY DESIGN: A retrospective 
      cohort study was performed using the Military Healthcare System database. 
      Children with a birth record from October 1, 2001, to September 30, 2013, were 
      identified. Outpatient prescription records were queried for antibiotic, PPI, and 
      H2RA prescriptions in the first 6 months of life. Cox proportional hazards 
      regression was used to calculate the hazard ratio (HR) of developing CD based on 
      medication exposure. International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, 
      Clinical Modification codes identified children with an outpatient visit for CD. 
      RESULTS: There were 968 524 children who met the inclusion criteria with 1704 
      cases of CD in this group. The median follow-up for the cohort was approximately 
      4.5 years. PPIs (HR, 2.23; 95% CI, 1.76-2.83), H2RAs (HR, 1.94; 95% CI, 
      1.67-2.26), and antibiotics (HR, 1.14; 95% CI, 1.02-1.28) were all associated 
      with an increased hazard of CD. CONCLUSIONS: There is an increased risk of 
      developing CD if antibiotics, PPIs and H2RAs are prescribed in the first 6 months 
      of life. Our study highlights modifiable factors, such as medication stewardship, 
      that may change the childhood risk of CD.
CI  - Published by Elsevier Inc.
FAU - Boechler, Michael
AU  - Boechler M
AD  - Department of Pediatrics, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, 
      MD; Department of Pediatrics, Uniformed Services University of the Health 
      Sciences, Bethesda, MD. Electronic address: Michael.a.boechler.mil@health.mil.
FAU - Susi, Apryl
AU  - Susi A
AD  - Department of Pediatrics, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, 
      MD.
FAU - Hisle-Gorman, Elizabeth
AU  - Hisle-Gorman E
AD  - Department of Pediatrics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 
      Bethesda, MD.
FAU - Rogers, Philip L
AU  - Rogers PL
AD  - Department of Pediatrics, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, 
      MD.
FAU - Nylund, Cade M
AU  - Nylund CM
AD  - Department of Pediatrics, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, 
      MD; Department of Pediatrics, Uniformed Services University of the Health 
      Sciences, Bethesda, MD.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20221018
PL  - United States
TA  - J Pediatr
JT  - The Journal of pediatrics
JID - 0375410
RN  - 0 (Anti-Bacterial Agents)
RN  - 0 (Proton Pump Inhibitors)
RN  - 0 (Histamine H2 Antagonists)
SB  - IM
MH  - Child
MH  - Humans
MH  - Infant
MH  - Child, Preschool
MH  - Retrospective Studies
MH  - *Anti-Bacterial Agents/adverse effects
MH  - *Celiac Disease
MH  - Proton Pump Inhibitors/adverse effects
MH  - Histamine H2 Antagonists/adverse effects
MH  - Risk Factors
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - age of onset
OT  - celiac disease epidemiology
OT  - diet
OT  - environmental exposure
OT  - gluten
OT  - risk factors
OT  - zonulin
EDAT- 2022/10/21 06:00
MHDA- 2023/03/21 06:00
CRDT- 2022/10/20 19:32
PHST- 2022/06/02 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2022/10/08 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2022/10/12 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2022/10/21 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2023/03/21 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2022/10/20 19:32 [entrez]
AID - S0022-3476(22)00900-3 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.jpeds.2022.10.013 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Pediatr. 2023 Mar;254:61-67.e1. doi: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2022.10.013. Epub 2022 Oct 
      18.