PMID- 36268435
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20221022
IS  - 2049-0801 (Print)
IS  - 2049-0801 (Electronic)
IS  - 2049-0801 (Linking)
VI  - 82
DP  - 2022 Oct
TI  - The prevalence of substance use among drivers with traffic injuries in Mazandaran 
      Province, Northern Iran.
PG  - 104768
LID - 10.1016/j.amsu.2022.104768 [doi]
LID - 104768
AB  - BACKGROUND: Motor vehicle accidents (MVAs) are one of the main causes of 
      mortality in developing countries. Although the association between alcohol and 
      the risk of MVA has been known for a long time, only a few studies have been 
      conducted on driving following substance consumption in a short period of time. 
      This is while narcotic and stimulant use seems to be a threat to traffic safety 
      and a serious health concern for substance users. In this study, we investigated 
      the prevalence of substance use (narcotics and stimulants) in drivers with 
      traffic injuries admitted to the orthopedic ward of Imam Khomeini Hospital 
      between October 2020 and June 2021. METHODS: The current research is a 
      cross-sectional, descriptive-analytical study. The statistical population 
      consisted of 77 patients admitted to the orthopedic ward of a training hospital 
      (Imam Khomeini) in Mazandaran Province, northern Iran. The Shapiro-Wilk test was 
      used to determine the quantitative variables. The sampling method is random and 
      consecutive. The method of data collection was through questionnaire tools. The 
      software used was SPSS 26 with an independent t-test, Mann-Whitney U test, 
      Chi-square or Fisher's exact test. RESULTS: In this study, the frequency of 
      substance use was 18.18%. The prevalence of opioid usage was 35.7% and for 
      stimulants it was 64.28%. There was no case of concomitant use of opioids and 
      stimulants. In the opioid group, 60% of patients used opium, 20% methadone, and 
      20% tramadol. In the stimulant and alcohol groups, 12.12% utilized 
      methamphetamine and 88.88% drank alcohol. The average age of consumers was 39 
      years, which was significantly higher in the opioid group (P = 0.040). The 
      education level of substance users was remarkably lower (P < 0.05) and, 
      occupationally, there was no statistically significant difference between groups 
      of substance users (P = 0.290). Considerably, the unemployed population consumed 
      more substances (P = 0.001). Multiple fractures (P < 0.05) and surgical treatment 
      (P = 0.012) were more common in the user group. CONCLUSION: Users of stimulants 
      and alcohol were younger than opioid users, according to our results. There is an 
      association between drug use and the incidence of traffic accidents, as well as 
      lower educational levels, masculinity, fracture type, and patient complication 
      type.
CI  - (c) 2022 The Authors.
FAU - Goli Khatir, Iraj
AU  - Goli Khatir I
AD  - Department of Emergency Medicine, Diabetes Research Center, Mazandaran University 
      of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
FAU - Shayesteh Azar, Masoud
AU  - Shayesteh Azar M
AD  - Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Orthopedic Research Centre, Mazandaran 
      University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
FAU - Zakariaei, Zakaria
AU  - Zakariaei Z
AD  - Toxicology and Forensic Medicine Division, Mazandaran Registry Center for Opioids 
      Poisoning, Orthopedic Research Centers, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Mazandaran 
      University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
FAU - Rezaee Rad, Hamid Reza
AU  - Rezaee Rad HR
AD  - Student Research Committee, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, 
      Iran.
FAU - Rasouli, Kimia
AU  - Rasouli K
AD  - Student Research Committee, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, 
      Iran.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20220927
PL  - England
TA  - Ann Med Surg (Lond)
JT  - Annals of medicine and surgery (2012)
JID - 101616869
PMC - PMC9577827
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Narcotic
OT  - Stimulant
OT  - Substance abuse
OT  - Traffic injuries
COIS- None.
EDAT- 2022/10/22 06:00
MHDA- 2022/10/22 06:01
PMCR- 2022/09/27
CRDT- 2022/10/21 03:13
PHST- 2022/08/04 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2022/09/12 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2022/09/19 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2022/10/21 03:13 [entrez]
PHST- 2022/10/22 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2022/10/22 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2022/09/27 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - S2049-0801(22)01528-X [pii]
AID - 104768 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.amsu.2022.104768 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Ann Med Surg (Lond). 2022 Sep 27;82:104768. doi: 10.1016/j.amsu.2022.104768. 
      eCollection 2022 Oct.