PMID- 36275639 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20221025 LR - 20221026 IS - 1664-3224 (Electronic) IS - 1664-3224 (Linking) VI - 13 DP - 2022 TI - Association between immunosuppressants and poor antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 vaccines in patients with autoimmune liver diseases. PG - 988004 LID - 10.3389/fimmu.2022.988004 [doi] LID - 988004 AB - The antibody and B cell responses after inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccination have not been well documented in patients with autoimmune liver disease (AILD). Therefore, we conducted a prospective observational study that included AILD patients and healthy participants as controls between July 1, 2021, and September 30, 2021, at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University. All adverse events (AEs) after the COVID-19 vaccination were recorded and graded. Immunoglobulin (Ig)-G antibodies against the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein (anti-RBD-IgG) and neutralizicadng antibodies (NAbs) were tested following full-course vaccination (BBIBP-CorV or CoronaVac). In addition, SARS-CoV-2-specific B cells were detected by flow cytometry. In total, 76 AILD patients and 136 healthy controls (HCs) were included. All AEs were mild and self-limiting, and the incidences were similar between the AILD and HCs. The seropositivity rates of anti-RBD-IgG and NAbs in AILD were 97.4% (100% in HCs, p = 0.13) and 63.2% (84.6% in HCs, p < 0.001), respectively. The titers of anti-RBD-IgG and NAbs were significantly lower in AILD patients than those in HCs. After adjusting for confounders, immunosuppressive therapy was an independent risk factor for low-level anti-RBD-IgG (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 4.7; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.5-15.2; p = 0.01) and a reduced probability of NAbs seropositivity (aOR, 3.0; 95% CI, 1.0-8.9; p = 0.04) in AILD patients. However, regardless of immunosuppressants, the SARS-CoV-2-specific memory B cells responses were comparable between the AILD and HC groups. Our results suggest that inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccines (BBIBP-CorV and CoronaVac) are safe, but their immunogenicity is compromised in patients with AILD. Moreover, immunosuppressants are significantly associated with poor antibody responses to the SARS-CoV-2 vaccines. These results could inform physicians and policymakers about decisions on screening the populations at higher risk of poor antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 vaccines and providing additional vaccinations in patients with AILD. CI - Copyright (c) 2022 Li, Wang, Ao, Ke, Chen, Chen, Peng, Ling, Hu, Cai, Zhang and Ren. FAU - Li, Hu AU - Li H AD - Department of Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. FAU - Wang, Yuting AU - Wang Y AD - Department of Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. FAU - Ao, Ling AU - Ao L AD - Department of Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. FAU - Ke, Mingxia AU - Ke M AD - Department of Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. FAU - Chen, Zhiwei AU - Chen Z AD - Department of Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. FAU - Chen, Min AU - Chen M AD - Department of Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. FAU - Peng, Mingli AU - Peng M AD - Department of Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. FAU - Ling, Ning AU - Ling N AD - Department of Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. FAU - Hu, Peng AU - Hu P AD - Department of Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. FAU - Cai, Dachuan AU - Cai D AD - Department of Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. FAU - Zhang, Dazhi AU - Zhang D AD - Department of Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. FAU - Ren, Hong AU - Ren H AD - Department of Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Observational Study PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20221005 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Immunol JT - Frontiers in immunology JID - 101560960 RN - 0 (spike protein, SARS-CoV-2) RN - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) RN - 0 (Immunosuppressive Agents) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (Immunoglobulin G) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - COVID-19 Vaccines/adverse effects MH - SARS-CoV-2 MH - Immunosuppressive Agents/adverse effects MH - Antibody Formation MH - Antibodies, Viral MH - *COVID-19 MH - Immunoglobulin G MH - *Autoimmune Diseases MH - *Liver Diseases PMC - PMC9579272 OTO - NOTNLM OT - autoimmune liver diseases OT - coronavirus disease 2019 OT - immunogenicity OT - safety OT - severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 OT - vaccine COIS- The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2022/10/25 06:00 MHDA- 2022/10/26 06:00 PMCR- 2022/10/05 CRDT- 2022/10/24 04:01 PHST- 2022/07/06 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/09/20 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/10/24 04:01 [entrez] PHST- 2022/10/25 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/10/26 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/10/05 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fimmu.2022.988004 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Immunol. 2022 Oct 5;13:988004. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.988004. eCollection 2022.