PMID- 36279162
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20221116
IS  - 1929-0748 (Print)
IS  - 1929-0748 (Electronic)
IS  - 1929-0748 (Linking)
VI  - 11
IP  - 10
DP  - 2022 Oct 24
TI  - Preventing Revictimization Through a Web-Based Intervention for Primary 
      Caregivers of Youth in Care (EMPOWERYOU): Protocol for a Randomized Factorial 
      Trial.
PG  - e38183
LID - 10.2196/38183 [doi]
LID - e38183
AB  - BACKGROUND: Children in foster care are at a higher risk for relationship 
      problems than their counterparts raised by their biological family because of 
      higher exposure to or prevalence of neglect or maltreatment early in life. 
      Consequently, these children may also show more challenging behavior in their 
      foster families, which in turn increases the parental stress experience of foster 
      caregivers. Furthermore, the children may engage in a vicious cycle of risky 
      relationship behaviors and expectations that put them at a greater risk for 
      revictimization. OBJECTIVE: To support foster caregivers in reducing the risk for 
      revictimization, several intervention modules delivered via the internet were 
      developed using a consumer-based approach (phase 1 of the multiphase optimization 
      strategy). This project (phase 2 of the multiphase optimization strategy) aimed 
      to develop a sustainable intervention by selecting promising intervention 
      components based on their contribution to the outcome. METHODS: In a 2(4) 
      factorial trial, a total of 317 foster caregivers with children aged 8 to 13 
      years are randomly assigned to 1 of 16 conditions. The primary outcome is the 
      rate of revictimization from baseline to 3 months after intervention. Secondary 
      outcomes include risk-taking and functional behaviors in relationships. All 
      caregivers will receive access to all the intervention components after the 
      follow-up assessment. The participants assigned to the condition with all 
      component levels on are expected to show the best improvement in the primary and 
      secondary outcomes. RESULTS: Recruitment and data collection for the factorial 
      trial started in March 2022 and is ongoing. As of October 2022, we recruited 181 
      families. Although it is difficult to predict the exact study timeline owing to 
      COVID-19 pandemic-related delays, results are expected in February 2024. 
      CONCLUSIONS: There is a need for easily accessible information related to raising 
      children in foster care who have experienced early life adversities to interrupt 
      the cycle of violence and enhance the developmental pathway of health and 
      emotional stability. It might be useful, in addition to generally useful 
      parenting information (eg, parental self-care or emotion regulation management), 
      to specifically focus on the needs of these caregivers (eg, how to support the 
      child to reduce dysfunctional relationship behaviors that may have developed 
      because of early adverse experiences). TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov 
      NCT05235659; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05235659. INTERNATIONAL 
      REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID): DERR1-10.2196/38183.
CI  - (c)Nina Heinrichs, Antonia Bruhl. Originally published in JMIR Research Protocols 
      (https://www.researchprotocols.org), 24.10.2022.
FAU - Heinrichs, Nina
AU  - Heinrichs N
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8301-5798
AD  - Department of Psychology, Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, University of 
      Bremen, Bremen, Germany.
FAU - Bruhl, Antonia
AU  - Bruhl A
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8345-6497
AD  - Department of Psychology, Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, University of 
      Bremen, Bremen, Germany.
LA  - eng
SI  - ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT05235659
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20221024
PL  - Canada
TA  - JMIR Res Protoc
JT  - JMIR research protocols
JID - 101599504
PMC - PMC9641515
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - foster children
OT  - multiphase optimization strategy
OT  - online intervention
OT  - parenting
OT  - revictimization
OT  - web-based intervention
COIS- Conflicts of Interest: NH and AB are the developers of the EMPOWERYOU program for 
      primary caregivers of youth in care. NH is the principal investigator of the 
      study and has received a research grant from the German Federal Ministry of 
      Education and Research to conduct this work. NH is a member of the international 
      scientific advisory board of the Positive Parenting Program (Triple P) and 
      involved in a research project on the Parenting for lifelong Health program 
      (PLH). She has expertise in cognitive behavior therapy and has received training 
      in the Triple P, Paarlife, Parent-Child Interaction Therapy.
EDAT- 2022/10/25 06:00
MHDA- 2022/10/25 06:01
PMCR- 2022/10/24
CRDT- 2022/10/24 11:53
PHST- 2022/03/22 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2022/08/06 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2022/07/05 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2022/10/24 11:53 [entrez]
PHST- 2022/10/25 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2022/10/25 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2022/10/24 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - v11i10e38183 [pii]
AID - 10.2196/38183 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - JMIR Res Protoc. 2022 Oct 24;11(10):e38183. doi: 10.2196/38183.