PMID- 36280017
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20221201
LR  - 20221201
IS  - 1872-7573 (Electronic)
IS  - 0378-8741 (Linking)
VI  - 302
IP  - Pt A
DP  - 2023 Feb 10
TI  - Traditional uses, chemical compounds, pharmacological activities and clinical 
      studies on the traditional Chinese prescription Yi-Gan San.
PG  - 115859
LID - S0378-8741(22)00898-4 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115859 [doi]
AB  - ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: A widely used traditional prescription, Yi-Gan 
      San (YGS) is a remedy for neurodegenerative disorders. The formulation consists 
      of seven Chinese medicinal materials in specific proportions, namely Uncariae 
      Ramulus cum Uncis (Uncaria rhynchophylla (Miq.) Miq. ex Havil.), Bupleuri Radix 
      (Bupleurum chinense DC.), Angelicae Sinensis Radix (Angelica sinensis (Oliv.) 
      Diels), Chuanxiong Rhizoma (Ligusticum wallichii Franch.), Poria (Poria cocos 
      (Schw.) Wolf), Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma (Atractylodes macrocephala 
      Koidz.) and Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch.). Using 
      YGS has been shown to alleviate various behavioural and psychological symptoms of 
      dementia (BPSD). AIM OF THIS REVIEW: The goal of this review is to give 
      up-to-date information about the traditional uses, chemistry, pharmacology and 
      clinical efficacy of YGS based on the scientific literature and to learn the 
      current focus and provide references in the next step. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The 
      database search room was accessed using the search terms "Yi-Gan San" and 
      "Yokukansan" to obtain results from resources such as Web of Science, PubMed, 
      Google Scholar and Sci Finder Scholar. We not only consulted the literature of 
      fellow authors for this review but also explored classical medical books. 
      RESULTS: YGS has been used to cure neurosis, sleeplessness, night weeping and 
      restlessness in infants. Its chemical components primarily consist of 
      triterpenes, flavonoids, phenolics, lactones, alkaloids and other types of 
      compounds. These active ingredients displayed diverse pharmacological activities 
      to ameliorate BPSD by regulating serotonergic, glutamatergic, cholinergic, 
      dopaminergic, adrenergic, and GABAergic neurotransmission. In addition, YGS 
      showed neuroprotective, antistress, and anti-inflammatory effects. The majority 
      of cases of neurodegenerative disorders are treated with YGS, including 
      Alzheimer's disease and dementia with Lewy bodies. CONCLUSIONS: Based on previous 
      studies, YGS has been used as a traditional prescription in East Asia, such as 
      Japan, Korea and China, and it has diverse chemical compounds and multiple 
      pharmacological activities. Nevertheless, few experimental studies have focused 
      on chemical and quantitative YGS studies, suggesting that further comprehensive 
      research on its chemicals and quality assessments is critical for future 
      evaluations of drug efficacy.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2022 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
FAU - Yang, Si-Yu
AU  - Yang SY
AD  - School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 
      Shanghai, 201203, China; Engineering Research Center of Shanghai Colleges for TCM 
      New Drug Discovery, Shanghai, 201203, China.
FAU - Lin, Zhi-Xiu
AU  - Lin ZX
AD  - School of Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong 
      Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, China; Hong Kong Institute of Integrative Medicine, The 
      Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, China.
FAU - Xian, Yan-Fang
AU  - Xian YF
AD  - School of Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong 
      Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, China.
FAU - Zhang, Hong-Mei
AU  - Zhang HM
AD  - School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 
      Shanghai, 201203, China. Electronic address: naturecolor@163.com.
FAU - Xu, Hong-Xi
AU  - Xu HX
AD  - Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 
      201203, China. Electronic address: xuhongxi88@gmail.com.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
DEP - 20221022
PL  - Ireland
TA  - J Ethnopharmacol
JT  - Journal of ethnopharmacology
JID - 7903310
RN  - 0 (Drugs, Chinese Herbal)
RN  - Uncaria rhynchophylla
SB  - IM
MH  - *Drugs, Chinese Herbal/pharmacology/therapeutic use/chemistry
MH  - *Angelica sinensis/chemistry
MH  - *Atractylodes
MH  - *Glycyrrhiza uralensis
MH  - Prescriptions
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Chemical compounds
OT  - Clinical studies
OT  - Pharmacological activities
OT  - Traditional uses
OT  - Yi-Gan san
EDAT- 2022/10/25 06:00
MHDA- 2022/12/02 06:00
CRDT- 2022/10/24 19:25
PHST- 2022/08/06 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2022/10/06 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2022/10/18 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2022/10/25 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2022/12/02 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2022/10/24 19:25 [entrez]
AID - S0378-8741(22)00898-4 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115859 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Ethnopharmacol. 2023 Feb 10;302(Pt A):115859. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115859. 
      Epub 2022 Oct 22.