PMID- 36295286
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20221030
IS  - 1996-1944 (Print)
IS  - 1996-1944 (Electronic)
IS  - 1996-1944 (Linking)
VI  - 15
IP  - 20
DP  - 2022 Oct 17
TI  - Preliminary Study on Application and Limitation of Microbially Induced Carbonate 
      Precipitation to Improve Unpaved Road in Lateritic Region.
LID - 10.3390/ma15207219 [doi]
LID - 7219
AB  - Some road systems are unpaved due to limited governmental finance and fewer 
      maintenance techniques. Such unpaved roads become vulnerable during heavy rainy 
      seasons following restrained accessibility among cities and traffic accidents. 
      Considering the circumstances, innovative and cost-effective approaches are 
      required for unpaved roads. Microbially induced carbonate precipitation (MICP) is 
      an emerging soil improvement technology using microbes to hydrolyze urea 
      generating carbonate ions, and precipitates calcium carbonate in the presence of 
      calcium ion. Induced calcium carbonate bonds soil particles enhancing stiffness 
      and strength when the MICP reaction takes place within the soil system. This 
      study introduces the use of microbes on unpaved road systems consisting of in 
      situ lateritic soils. The MICP technology was implemented to improve soil 
      strength through two approaches: surface spraying and mixing methods. A series of 
      soil testing was performed with varying chemical concentrations to measure 
      precipitation efficiency, strength, and quality for construction material and see 
      the feasibility of the proposed methods. The laboratory test results indicated 
      that the surface spraying method provided improved; however, it was highly 
      affected by the infiltration characteristics of used soils. The mixing method 
      showed promising results even under submerged conditions, but still required 
      improvement. Overall, the proposed idea seems possible to apply to improving 
      unpaved road systems in the lateritic region but requires further research and 
      optimization.
FAU - Kim, Sojeong
AU  - Kim S
AD  - Department of Ocean Civil Engineering, Gyeongsang National University, Tongyeong 
      53064, Korea.
FAU - Kim, Yeontae
AU  - Kim Y
AD  - Department of Highway and Transportation Research, Korea Institute of Civil 
      Engineering and Building Technology, Goyang 10223, Korea.
FAU - Lee, Suhyung
AU  - Lee S
AD  - Department of Highway and Transportation Research, Korea Institute of Civil 
      Engineering and Building Technology, Goyang 10223, Korea.
FAU - Do, Jinung
AU  - Do J
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4568-2781
AD  - Department of Ocean Civil Engineering, Gyeongsang National University, Tongyeong 
      53064, Korea.
LA  - eng
GR  - NA/Gyeongsang National University/
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20221017
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Materials (Basel)
JT  - Materials (Basel, Switzerland)
JID - 101555929
PMC - PMC9606893
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - CaCO3
OT  - MICP
OT  - implementation
OT  - lateritic soi
OT  - mixing
OT  - surface spraying
OT  - unpaved road
COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest.
EDAT- 2022/10/28 06:00
MHDA- 2022/10/28 06:01
PMCR- 2022/10/17
CRDT- 2022/10/27 01:35
PHST- 2022/09/14 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2022/10/11 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2022/10/14 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2022/10/27 01:35 [entrez]
PHST- 2022/10/28 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2022/10/28 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2022/10/17 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - ma15207219 [pii]
AID - materials-15-07219 [pii]
AID - 10.3390/ma15207219 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Materials (Basel). 2022 Oct 17;15(20):7219. doi: 10.3390/ma15207219.