PMID- 36295635
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20221028
LR  - 20221030
IS  - 1648-9144 (Electronic)
IS  - 1010-660X (Print)
IS  - 1010-660X (Linking)
VI  - 58
IP  - 10
DP  - 2022 Oct 17
TI  - An Update on the Current and Emerging Use of Thiazolidinediones for Type 2 
      Diabetes.
LID - 10.3390/medicina58101475 [doi]
LID - 1475
AB  - Guidelines have increasingly stressed the concept that adequate glycemic control 
      is required to prevent or decrease the macro- and microvascular complications of 
      type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). PPAR-gamma agonists ("glitazones") are no longer 
      prioritized due to their effects on heart failure. However, the association 
      between these drugs and innovative therapies could be a valuable tool to 
      attenuate the risk factors of the metabolic syndrome. Glitazones are used for the 
      treatment of diabetes and associated comorbidities. There is substantial 
      scientific evidence demonstrating the effect of glitazones at a cardiometabolic 
      level, as well as on hematological and neurological pathologies that point to 
      their usefulness. The use of glitazones has always been controversial both for 
      the type of patients who must take these drugs and for the side effects 
      associated with them. Unfortunately, the recent guidelines do not include them 
      among the preferred drugs for the treatment of hyperglycemia and rosiglitazone is 
      out of the market in many countries due to an adverse cardiovascular risk 
      profile. Even though real-life studies have proven otherwise, and their 
      pleiotropic effects have been highlighted, they have been unable to achieve 
      primacy in the choice of antihyperglycemic drugs. It would be appropriate to 
      demonstrate the usefulness of pioglitazone and its therapeutic benefit with 
      further cardiovascular safety studies.
FAU - Giglio, Rosaria Vincenza
AU  - Giglio RV
AD  - Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience, and Advanced Diagnostics, University of 
      Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy.
AD  - Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital "Paolo Giaccone", 90127 
      Palermo, Italy.
FAU - Papanas, Nikolaos
AU  - Papanas N
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7320-785X
AD  - Diabetes Centre, Second Department of Internal Medicine, Democritus University of 
      Thrace, University Hospital of Alexandroupolis, 68132 Alexandroupoli, Greece.
FAU - Rizvi, Ali Abbas
AU  - Rizvi AA
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3714-0790
AD  - Department of Medicine, University of Central Florida College of Medicine, 
      Orlando, FL 32827, USA.
FAU - Ciaccio, Marcello
AU  - Ciaccio M
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6120-9041
AD  - Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience, and Advanced Diagnostics, University of 
      Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy.
AD  - Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital "Paolo Giaccone", 90127 
      Palermo, Italy.
FAU - Patti, Angelo Maria
AU  - Patti AM
AD  - Promise Department, School of Medicine, University of Palermo, 90133 Palermo, 
      Italy.
FAU - Ilias, Ioannis
AU  - Ilias I
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5718-7441
AD  - Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Elena Venizelou Hospital, 
      11521 Athens, Greece.
FAU - Pantea Stoian, Anca
AU  - Pantea Stoian A
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0555-526X
AD  - Faculty of Medicine, Diabetes, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, Carol Davila 
      University, 050474 Bucharest, Romania.
FAU - Sahebkar, Amirhossein
AU  - Sahebkar A
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8656-1444
AD  - Department of Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical 
      Sciences, Mashhad 1696700, Iran.
FAU - Janez, Andrej
AU  - Janez A
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6594-5254
AD  - Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, University Medical 
      Centre, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
FAU - Rizzo, Manfredi
AU  - Rizzo M
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9549-8504
AD  - Promise Department, School of Medicine, University of Palermo, 90133 Palermo, 
      Italy.
AD  - Faculty of Medicine, Diabetes, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, Carol Davila 
      University, 050474 Bucharest, Romania.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
DEP - 20221017
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Medicina (Kaunas)
JT  - Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania)
JID - 9425208
RN  - 0 (Thiazolidinediones)
RN  - X4OV71U42S (Pioglitazone)
RN  - 05V02F2KDG (Rosiglitazone)
RN  - 0 (Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors)
RN  - 0 (Hypoglycemic Agents)
SB  - IM
MH  - Humans
MH  - *Thiazolidinediones/therapeutic use
MH  - *Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/complications/drug therapy
MH  - Pioglitazone/therapeutic use
MH  - Rosiglitazone/therapeutic use
MH  - Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors/therapeutic use
MH  - Hypoglycemic Agents/adverse effects
PMC - PMC9609741
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - cardiovascular risk
OT  - metabolic syndrome
OT  - pioglitazone
OT  - type 2 diabetes mellitus
COIS- This article was written independently and reflects the opinion of the authors, 
      without any role of the industry. The authors have given talks, attended 
      conferences and participated in advisory boards and clinical trials sponsored by 
      various pharmaceutical companies. A.P.S. is currently Vice President of Romanian 
      National Diabetes Committee and she has given lectures, received honoraria and 
      research support, and participated in conferences, advisory boards and clinical 
      trials sponsored by many pharmaceutical companies including AstraZeneca, 
      Boehringer Ingelheim, Coca-Cola, Medtronic, Eli Lilly, Merck, Novo Nordisk, 
      Novartis, Roche Diagnostics, Sanofi. N.P. has been an advisory board member of 
      TrigoCare International, Abbott, AstraZeneca, Elpen, MSD, Novartis, Novo Nordisk, 
      Sanofi-Aventis and Takeda; has participated in sponsored studies by Eli Lilly, 
      MSD, Novo Nordisk, Novartis and Sanofi-Aventis; received honoraria as a speaker 
      for AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, Eli Lilly, Elpen, Galenica, MSD, Mylan, 
      Novartis, Novo Nordisk, Pfizer, Sanofi-Aventis, Takeda and Vianex; and attended 
      conferences sponsored by TrigoCare International, AstraZeneca, Boehringer 
      Ingelheim, Eli Lilly, Novartis, Novo Nordisk, Pfizer and Sanofi-Aventis. M.R. is 
      former Director, Clinical Medical & Regulatory (CMR) Department, Novo Nordisk 
      Europe East and South; he has given lectures, received honoraria and research 
      support, and participated in conferences, advisory boards and clinical trials 
      sponsored by many pharmaceutical companies including Amgen, AstraZeneca, 
      Boehringer Ingelheim, Kowa, Eli Lilly, Meda, Mylan, Merck Sharp & Dohme, Novo 
      Nordisk, Novartis, Roche Diagnostics, Sanofi and Servier. None of the above 
      mentioned companies had any role in this article, which was written 
      independently, without any financial or professional help, and reflects only the 
      opinion of the authors, without any role of the industry.
EDAT- 2022/10/28 06:00
MHDA- 2022/10/29 06:00
PMCR- 2022/10/17
CRDT- 2022/10/27 01:38
PHST- 2022/09/04 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2022/10/09 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2022/10/14 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2022/10/27 01:38 [entrez]
PHST- 2022/10/28 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2022/10/29 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2022/10/17 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - medicina58101475 [pii]
AID - medicina-58-01475 [pii]
AID - 10.3390/medicina58101475 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Medicina (Kaunas). 2022 Oct 17;58(10):1475. doi: 10.3390/medicina58101475.