PMID- 36308501
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20221101
LR  - 20221101
IS  - 1477-8920 (Print)
IS  - 1477-8920 (Linking)
VI  - 20
IP  - 10
DP  - 2022 Oct
TI  - Microbial contamination and quantitative microbial risk assessment of 
      high-density polyethylene (HDPE) film sachet drinking water in Ghana.
PG  - 1587-1603
LID - 10.2166/wh.2022.163 [doi]
AB  - The present research estimated the impact of storage on the microbial quality of 
      high-density polyethylene drinking water. Samples were taken from two popular 
      companies in Greater Accra using a two-sided exact test in SAS JMP to estimate 
      the sample size. The samples were stored across three temperature profiles at 8 
       degrees C, 30  degrees C (average room temperature), and 40  degrees C (average outdoor temperature) for 
      28 days. The samples were examined using standard microbiological methods for 
      heterotrophic plate counts (HPCs), faecal coliforms, and Escherichia coli. The 
      data were described and regressed with Microsoft Excel, Argo 4.3.1, and SAS JMP 
      software. The results demonstrated increasing deterioration of the water samples 
      for all microbial indices at all temperatures with increasing storage duration. 
      The highest HPC, faecal coliforms, and E. coli were 1,312; 622; and 252 cfu/100 
      mL, respectively, all at 40  degrees C. The daily risk of infection due to E. coli 
      O157:H7 was 5.22 x 10(-5) infections per child per day for children under 5 
      years, and 1.6 x 10(-4) attacks per adult per day, compared to the upper limit of 
      1.0 x 10(-6). These results are higher than recommended exposures, and 
      interventions along the sachet drinking water value chain are needed to protect 
      public health.
FAU - Angnunavuri, Prosper Naah
AU  - Angnunavuri PN
AD  - School of Engineering, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 
      University of Energy and Natural Resources, Sunyani, Ghana E-mail: 
      tobuogh@gmail.com.
FAU - Attiogbe, Francis
AU  - Attiogbe F
AD  - School of Engineering, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 
      University of Energy and Natural Resources, Sunyani, Ghana E-mail: 
      tobuogh@gmail.com.
FAU - Mensah, Bismark
AU  - Mensah B
AD  - School of Engineering, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PL  - England
TA  - J Water Health
JT  - Journal of water and health
JID - 101185420
RN  - 0 (Drinking Water)
RN  - 9002-88-4 (Polyethylene)
SB  - IM
MH  - Child
MH  - Humans
MH  - Child, Preschool
MH  - *Drinking Water
MH  - Polyethylene
MH  - Colony Count, Microbial
MH  - Ghana
MH  - *Escherichia coli O157
MH  - Temperature
MH  - Risk Assessment
MH  - Food Microbiology
EDAT- 2022/10/30 06:00
MHDA- 2022/11/02 06:00
CRDT- 2022/10/29 10:32
PHST- 2022/10/29 10:32 [entrez]
PHST- 2022/10/30 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2022/11/02 06:00 [medline]
AID - 10.2166/wh.2022.163 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Water Health. 2022 Oct;20(10):1587-1603. doi: 10.2166/wh.2022.163.