PMID- 36311515
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20221102
IS  - 1664-0640 (Print)
IS  - 1664-0640 (Electronic)
IS  - 1664-0640 (Linking)
VI  - 13
DP  - 2022
TI  - A proposed mechanism for the MDMA-mediated extinction of traumatic memories in 
      PTSD patients treated with MDMA-assisted therapy.
PG  - 991753
LID - 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.991753 [doi]
LID - 991753
AB  - Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a devastating psychiatric disorder 
      afflicting millions of people around the world. Characterized by severe anxiety, 
      intrusive thoughts, pervasive nightmares, an assortment of somatic symptoms, 
      associations with severe long-term health problems, and an elevated risk of 
      suicide, as much as 40-70% of patients suffer from refractory disease. 
      3,4-Methylenedioxy-methamphetamine (MDMA), like classic psychedelics such as 
      psilocybin, have been used to enhance the efficacy of psychotherapy almost since 
      their discovery, but due to their perceived potential for abuse and inclusion on 
      USFDA (United States Food and Drug Administration) schedule 1, research into the 
      mechanism by which they produce improvements in PTSD symptomology has been 
      limited. Nevertheless, several compelling rationales have been explored, with the 
      pro-social effects of MDMA thought to enhance therapeutic alliance and thus 
      facilitate therapist-assisted trauma processing. This may be insufficient to 
      fully explain the efficacy of MDMA in the treatment of psychiatric illness. 
      Molecular mechanisms such as the MDMA mediated increase of brain-derived 
      neurotrophic factor (BDNF) availability in the fear memory learning pathways 
      combined with MDMA's pro-social effects may provide a more nuanced explanation 
      for the therapeutic actions of MDMA.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2022 Sottile and Vida.
FAU - Sottile, Robert J
AU  - Sottile RJ
AD  - Department of Medical Education, Kirk Kerkorian School of Medicine at UNLV, 
      University of Nevada Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV, United States.
FAU - Vida, Thomas
AU  - Vida T
AD  - Department of Medical Education, Kirk Kerkorian School of Medicine at UNLV, 
      University of Nevada Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV, United States.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
DEP - 20221012
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Front Psychiatry
JT  - Frontiers in psychiatry
JID - 101545006
PMC - PMC9596814
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - MDMA
OT  - PTSD
OT  - fear anxiety and relief
OT  - fear extinction
OT  - psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy
COIS- The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any 
      commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential 
      conflict of interest.
EDAT- 2022/11/01 06:00
MHDA- 2022/11/01 06:01
PMCR- 2022/10/12
CRDT- 2022/10/31 04:22
PHST- 2022/07/11 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2022/08/29 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2022/10/31 04:22 [entrez]
PHST- 2022/11/01 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2022/11/01 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2022/10/12 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.991753 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Front Psychiatry. 2022 Oct 12;13:991753. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.991753. 
      eCollection 2022.