PMID- 36367989
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20221216
LR  - 20221221
IS  - 2326-5108 (Electronic)
IS  - 2326-5094 (Linking)
VI  - 20
IP  - 6
DP  - 2022 Nov-Dec
TI  - A COVID-19 Lesson: Better Health Emergency Preparedness Standards Are Needed.
PG  - 457-466
LID - 10.1089/hs.2022.0037 [doi]
AB  - This article reports on an assessment of the value of 4 widely recognized 
      standards of health sector emergency preparedness as predictors of effective 
      preparedness for, and response to, the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States. 
      The standards are sponsored by the National Health Security Preparedness Index 
      (NHSPI), the Trust for America's Health (TFAH), the Emergency Management 
      Accreditation Program (EMAP), and the Public Health Accreditation Board (PHAB). 
      The measure of effectiveness was states' cumulative COVID-19 deaths per 100,000 
      population, from January 21, 2020, through January 20, 2022. Linear regression 
      analysis found no statistically significant associations when controlling for 3 
      intervening variables. Cross-tabulation of states' preparedness status with their 
      COVID-19 death rates found that high NHSPI and TFAH preparedness scores were 
      generally, but not uniformly, associated with lower death rates. EMAP and PHAB 
      accreditation had negligible association with low or high death rates. Lack of 
      accreditation was associated with lower death rates. Higher prior state public 
      health spending related to COVID-19 preparedness and higher state household 
      income, an indicator of state economic strength, were associated with lower death 
      rates. States with Democratic control of the legislative and executive branches 
      of government generally had substantially lower death rates than states with 
      Republican control. A science-based, practice-oriented research initiative is 
      recommended to improve the predictive power of health sector preparedness 
      standards and to enhance protection for US residents from large-scale future 
      health threats.
FAU - Moulton, Anthony D
AU  - Moulton AD
AD  - Anthony D. Moulton, PhD, is a Senior Fellow, Department of Health Policy and 
      Management, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20221111
PL  - United States
TA  - Health Secur
JT  - Health security
JID - 101654694
SB  - IM
MH  - United States/epidemiology
MH  - Humans
MH  - *Civil Defense
MH  - Pandemics/prevention & control
MH  - *COVID-19
MH  - Public Health
MH  - Security Measures
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - COVID-19
OT  - Health emergency preparedness/response
OT  - Hospital preparedness/response
OT  - Political factors
OT  - Public health preparedness/response
EDAT- 2022/11/12 06:00
MHDA- 2022/12/15 06:00
CRDT- 2022/11/11 15:33
PHST- 2022/11/12 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2022/12/15 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2022/11/11 15:33 [entrez]
AID - 10.1089/hs.2022.0037 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Health Secur. 2022 Nov-Dec;20(6):457-466. doi: 10.1089/hs.2022.0037. Epub 2022 
      Nov 11.