PMID- 36369053 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20230515 LR - 20230522 IS - 1879-3096 (Electronic) IS - 0167-7799 (Linking) VI - 41 IP - 6 DP - 2023 Jun TI - Imaging the unimaginable: leveraging signal generation of CRISPR-Cas for sensitive genome imaging. PG - 769-784 LID - S0167-7799(22)00274-8 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.tibtech.2022.10.003 [doi] AB - Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) is the gold standard for visualizing genomic DNA in fixed cells and tissues, but it is incompatible with live-cell imaging, and its combination with RNA imaging is challenging. Consequently, due to its capacity to bind double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) and design flexibility, the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-CRISPR-associated protein 9 (CRISPR-Cas9) technology has sparked enormous interest over the past decade. In this review, we describe various nucleic acid (NA)- and protein-based (amplified) signal generation methods that achieve imaging of repetitive and single-copy sequences, and even single-nucleotide variants (SNVs), next to highly multiplexed as well as dynamic imaging in live cells. With future progress in the field, the CRISPR-(d)Cas9-based technology promises to break through as a next-generation cell-imaging technique. CI - Copyright (c) 2022 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. FAU - Van Tricht, Charlotte AU - Van Tricht C AD - Department of Biosystems, MeBioS-Biosensors Group, KU Leuven, 3001 Leuven, Belgium; KU Leuven Institute for Single Cell Omics (LISCO), KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium. FAU - Voet, Thierry AU - Voet T AD - KU Leuven Institute for Single Cell Omics (LISCO), KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; Department of Human Genetics, Laboratory of Reproductive Genomics, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium. FAU - Lammertyn, Jeroen AU - Lammertyn J AD - Department of Biosystems, MeBioS-Biosensors Group, KU Leuven, 3001 Leuven, Belgium; KU Leuven Institute for Single Cell Omics (LISCO), KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium. Electronic address: jeroen.lammertyn@kuleuven.be. FAU - Spasic, Dragana AU - Spasic D AD - Department of Biosystems, MeBioS-Biosensors Group, KU Leuven, 3001 Leuven, Belgium; KU Leuven Institute for Single Cell Omics (LISCO), KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PT - Review DEP - 20221108 PL - England TA - Trends Biotechnol JT - Trends in biotechnology JID - 8310903 RN - 9007-49-2 (DNA) SB - IM MH - *CRISPR-Cas Systems MH - In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence MH - *Genome MH - DNA/genetics/metabolism MH - Diagnostic Imaging OTO - NOTNLM OT - CRISPR-Cas9 OT - fixed-cell imaging OT - genome imaging OT - live-cell imaging OT - signal amplification COIS- Declaration of interests The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2022/11/12 06:00 MHDA- 2023/05/15 06:42 CRDT- 2022/11/11 23:40 PHST- 2022/06/26 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/09/29 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/10/11 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/05/15 06:42 [medline] PHST- 2022/11/12 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/11/11 23:40 [entrez] AID - S0167-7799(22)00274-8 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.tibtech.2022.10.003 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Trends Biotechnol. 2023 Jun;41(6):769-784. doi: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2022.10.003. Epub 2022 Nov 8.