PMID- 36370333 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20230621 LR - 20230621 IS - 1559-0720 (Electronic) IS - 0163-4984 (Linking) VI - 201 IP - 8 DP - 2023 Aug TI - The Dietary Supplementation of Copper and Zinc Nanoparticles Improves Health Condition of Young Dairy Calves by Reducing the Incidence of Diarrhoea and Boosting Immune Function and Antioxidant Activity. PG - 3791-3803 LID - 10.1007/s12011-022-03481-3 [doi] AB - This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of nano copper (nano Cu) and nano zinc (nano Zn) supplementation on the biomarkers of immunity and antioxidant and health status attributes in young dairy calves. Twenty-four young cattle calves were randomly assigned into four groups (6 calves per group) on a body weight and age basis for a period of 120 days. The feeding regimen was the same in all the groups except that these were supplemented with 0.0 mg nano Cu and nano Zn (control), 10 mg nano Cu ((nano)Cu(10)), 32 mg nano Zn (nanoZn(32)), and a combination of nano Cu and nano Zn ((nano)Cu(10) + (nano)Zn(32)) per kg dry matter (DM) basis in four respective groups. Supplementation of nano Cu along with nano Zn improves immune response which was evidenced from higher immunoglobulin G (IgG), immunoglobulin M (IgM), immunoglobulin A (IgA), total immunoglobulin (TIg), and Zn sulphate turbidity (ZST) units and lower plasma concentrations of tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and cortisol in the nanoCu10 + nanoZn32 group. There was no effect of treatment on the plasma concentrations of immunoglobulin E (IgE) and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma). Antioxidant status was also better in the nanoCu10 + nanoZn32 group as evidenced by lower concentrations of malondialdehyde (MDA) and higher activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), ceruloplasmin (Cp), and total antioxidant status (TAS). However, treatment did not exert any effect on catalase (CAT) activity. Although the nano Cu or nano Zn supplementation, either alone or in combination, did not exert any effect on growth performance or body condition score (BCS), the frequency of diarrhoea and incidence of diarrhoea were lower, while faecal consistency score (FCS) and attitude score were better in the (nano)Cu(10) + (nano)Zn(32) groups. In the control group, one calf was found affected with joint illness and two calves were found affected with navel illness. During the experimental period, none of the calves in all four groups were found to be affected by pneumonia. The findings of this study revealed that dietary supplementation of nano Cu in combination with nano Zn improved the health status of young dairy calves by improving immunity and antioxidant status. CI - (c) 2022. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature. FAU - Pandey, Pooja AU - Pandey P AD - Department of Animal Nutrition, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, U.P. Pandit Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Pashu-Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwavidyalaya Evam Go-Anusandhan Sansthan (DUVASU), Mathura, 281001, India. FAU - Kumar, Muneendra AU - Kumar M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1316-9249 AD - Department of Animal Nutrition, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, U.P. Pandit Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Pashu-Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwavidyalaya Evam Go-Anusandhan Sansthan (DUVASU), Mathura, 281001, India. muneendra82@gmail.com. FAU - Kumar, Vinod AU - Kumar V AD - Department of Animal Nutrition, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, U.P. Pandit Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Pashu-Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwavidyalaya Evam Go-Anusandhan Sansthan (DUVASU), Mathura, 281001, India. FAU - Kushwaha, Raju AU - Kushwaha R AD - Department of Animal Nutrition, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, U.P. Pandit Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Pashu-Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwavidyalaya Evam Go-Anusandhan Sansthan (DUVASU), Mathura, 281001, India. FAU - Vaswani, Shalini AU - Vaswani S AD - Department of Animal Nutrition, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, U.P. Pandit Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Pashu-Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwavidyalaya Evam Go-Anusandhan Sansthan (DUVASU), Mathura, 281001, India. FAU - Kumar, Avinash AU - Kumar A AD - Department of Animal Nutrition, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, U.P. Pandit Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Pashu-Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwavidyalaya Evam Go-Anusandhan Sansthan (DUVASU), Mathura, 281001, India. FAU - Singh, Yajuvendra AU - Singh Y AD - Department of Livestock Production Management, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, U.P. Pandit Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Pashu-Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwavidyalaya Evam Go-Anusandhan Sansthan (DUVASU), Mathura, 281001, India. FAU - Shukla, Pankaj Kumar AU - Shukla PK AD - Department of Poultry Science, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, U.P. Pandit Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Pashu-Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwavidyalaya Evam Go-Anusandhan Sansthan (DUVASU), Mathura, 281001, India. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20221112 PL - United States TA - Biol Trace Elem Res JT - Biological trace element research JID - 7911509 RN - 0 (Antioxidants) RN - 789U1901C5 (Copper) RN - J41CSQ7QDS (Zinc) SB - IM MH - Animals MH - Cattle MH - *Antioxidants MH - Copper MH - Zinc/pharmacology MH - *Metal Nanoparticles MH - Incidence MH - Dietary Supplements MH - Immunity MH - Diarrhea MH - Diet/veterinary MH - Animal Feed/analysis OTO - NOTNLM OT - Antioxidant OT - Calves OT - Heath condition OT - Immunity OT - Nano-Cu OT - Nano-Zn copper EDAT- 2022/11/13 06:00 MHDA- 2023/06/21 06:42 CRDT- 2022/11/12 11:20 PHST- 2022/09/24 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/11/07 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/06/21 06:42 [medline] PHST- 2022/11/13 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/11/12 11:20 [entrez] AID - 10.1007/s12011-022-03481-3 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s12011-022-03481-3 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Biol Trace Elem Res. 2023 Aug;201(8):3791-3803. doi: 10.1007/s12011-022-03481-3. Epub 2022 Nov 12.