PMID- 36371457
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20221115
LR  - 20230109
IS  - 2045-2322 (Electronic)
IS  - 2045-2322 (Linking)
VI  - 12
IP  - 1
DP  - 2022 Nov 12
TI  - Penetration study of p-methoxycinnamic acid (PMCA) in nanostructured lipid 
      carrier, solid lipid nanoparticles, and simple cream into the rat skin.
PG  - 19365
LID - 10.1038/s41598-022-23514-0 [doi]
LID - 19365
AB  - This study compared the ability of Nanostructured Lipid Carrier (NLC), Solid 
      Lipid Nanoparticles (SLN), and Cream systems in delivering para Methoxycinnamic 
      Acid (PMCA) to the dermis layer of the skin. Wistar rats were used as research 
      subjects. NLC and SLN were made by applying the high shear homogenization method. 
      Nile red was used as a penetration indicator based on its fluorescence. The 
      interaction between fluorescence labeled NLC, SLN, or Cream and rat skin was 
      visualized by fluorescence microscopy. Observations were made after 2 and 4.5 h 
      of smearing the test sample. From the observations, it was known that the 
      system/lipid base could penetrate the stratum corneum for delivering drugs. 
      Penetration speed differs among systems as does the number of PMCAs that can be 
      delivered. In this study, it can be concluded that the NLC system is able to 
      deliver PMCA more quickly and in greater quantities to the dermis than SLN and 
      Cream.
CI  - (c) 2022. The Author(s).
FAU - Rosita, Noorma
AU  - Rosita N
AD  - Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas 
      Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia. noorma-r@ff.unair.ac.id.
FAU - Sultani, Angguni Addini
AU  - Sultani AA
AD  - Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas 
      Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia.
FAU - Hariyadi, Dewi Melani
AU  - Hariyadi DM
AD  - Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas 
      Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20221112
PL  - England
TA  - Sci Rep
JT  - Scientific reports
JID - 101563288
RN  - 0 (Lipid Nanoparticles)
RN  - 0 (Drug Carriers)
RN  - 0 (Lipids)
RN  - 0 (Excipients)
SB  - IM
MH  - Rats
MH  - Animals
MH  - *Drug Carriers
MH  - Lipids
MH  - Rats, Wistar
MH  - *Nanoparticles
MH  - Skin
MH  - Excipients
MH  - Particle Size
PMC - PMC9653389
COIS- The authors declare no competing interests.
EDAT- 2022/11/14 06:00
MHDA- 2022/11/16 06:00
PMCR- 2022/11/12
CRDT- 2022/11/13 00:12
PHST- 2022/08/01 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2022/11/01 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2022/11/13 00:12 [entrez]
PHST- 2022/11/14 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2022/11/16 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2022/11/12 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.1038/s41598-022-23514-0 [pii]
AID - 23514 [pii]
AID - 10.1038/s41598-022-23514-0 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Sci Rep. 2022 Nov 12;12(1):19365. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-23514-0.