PMID- 36380901
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20221117
IS  - 1541-7891 (Print)
IS  - 2374-8907 (Electronic)
IS  - 1541-7891 (Linking)
VI  - 32
IP  - 2
DP  - 2021 Apr
TI  - Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing Using the Modified Balke Protocol in Fully 
      Ambulatory People With Multiple Sclerosis.
PG  - 57-65
LID - 10.1097/cpt.0000000000000141 [doi]
AB  - PURPOSE: This study examined the application, outcomes, and validity of 
      cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) outcomes using a modified Balke protocol on 
      a motor-driven treadmill in fully ambulatory people with multiple sclerosis (MS). 
      METHODS: Fully ambulatory people with MS (N = 20) underwent assessments of 
      disability (Expanded Disability Status Scale, EDSS), walking endurance (6-minute 
      walk distance, 6MWD), and cognition (Symbol Digit Modalities Test, SDMT), and 
      completed a maximal CPET (modified Balke protocol) on a motor-driven treadmill 
      while expired gases were collected with indirect calorimetry. Serious adverse 
      events (AEs) and AEs, defined by National Institutes of Health guidelines, and 
      provision of a "maximal" effort test using standard criteria for a maximal effort 
      were documented. The physiological outcomes derived from the CPET included oxygen 
      uptake (V̇o(2)), carbon dioxide production, ventilation (VE), respiratory 
      exchange ratio, and heart rate (HR). Other outcomes were calculated using 
      standard guidelines, including V̇o(2)/HR slope and oxygen uptake efficiency slope 
      (V̇o(2)/log10VE). Descriptive statistics were summarized with mean +/- SD and 
      descriptively compared with normative data from apparently healthy individuals 
      using a similar CPET protocol. Spearman's rho rank-order correlations (rho) were 
      performed among peak V̇o(2) and SDMT, 6MWD, and EDSS scores. RESULTS: There were 
      no AEs, and 17 of 20 tests were characterized as yielding a maximal effort and 
      therefore interpretable. V̇o(2) peak derived from the modified Balke protocol was 
      predictably different in MS (25.8 +/- 6.3) than normative values for healthy 
      samples men (43.4 +/- 9.3) and women (35.0 +/- 7.2). V̇o(2) peak positively 
      correlated with SDMT (rho = 0.53, P = .01) and 6MWD (rho = 0.73, P = .0003), and 
      negatively correlated with disability (rho = -0.51, P = .02). CONCLUSIONS: 
      Cardiopulmonary exercise test using a modified Balke protocol on a motorized 
      treadmill is safe, feasible, and valid for the measurement of aerobic power in 
      fully ambulatory people with MS.
FAU - Feasel, Coery D
AU  - Feasel CD
AD  - Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Professions, University of 
      Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL.
FAU - Sandroff, Brian M
AU  - Sandroff BM
AD  - Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Professions, University of 
      Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL.
FAU - Motl, Robert W
AU  - Motl RW
AD  - Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Professions, University of 
      Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL.
LA  - eng
GR  - R01 HD091155/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20201015
PL  - United States
TA  - Cardiopulm Phys Ther J
JT  - Cardiopulmonary physical therapy journal
JID - 101155626
PMC - PMC9645798
MID - NIHMS1821683
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - CPET
OT  - MS
OT  - V̇o2
OT  - aerobic fitness
OT  - aerobic power
OT  - validity
COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest.
EDAT- 2021/04/01 00:00
MHDA- 2021/04/01 00:01
PMCR- 2022/11/14
CRDT- 2022/11/16 02:46
PHST- 2022/11/16 02:46 [entrez]
PHST- 2021/04/01 00:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2021/04/01 00:01 [medline]
PHST- 2022/11/14 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.1097/cpt.0000000000000141 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Cardiopulm Phys Ther J. 2021 Apr;32(2):57-65. doi: 10.1097/cpt.0000000000000141. 
      Epub 2020 Oct 15.