PMID- 36387364
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20221118
IS  - 1741-427X (Print)
IS  - 1741-4288 (Electronic)
IS  - 1741-427X (Linking)
VI  - 2022
DP  - 2022
TI  - Tetramethylpyrazine and Paeoniflorin Synergistically Attenuate Cholesterol Efflux 
      in Macrophage Cells via Enhancing ABCA1 and ABCG1 Expression.
PG  - 4304790
LID - 10.1155/2022/4304790 [doi]
LID - 4304790
AB  - The formation of foam cells is a characteristic of the occurrence and development 
      of atherosclerosis. ATP-binding cassette subfamily A1 and G1 (ABCA1 and ABCG1) 
      and scavenger receptor B1 (SR-B1) play critical roles in promoting intracellular 
      cholesterol efflux to high-density lipoprotein (HDL) or apolipoprotein A1 
      (apoA1). We attempted to test the effect of the tetramethylpyrazine-paeoniflorin 
      pair (TP) on cholesterol outflow in foam cells derived from macrophages. In this 
      study, RAW264.7 macrophages were treated with 80 mg/L oxidized low-density 
      lipoprotein (ox-LDL) for 24 h to obtain foam cells. Then they were intervened 
      with TP (tetramethylpyrazine 40 ug/ml plus paeoniflorin 80 ug/ml) for additional 
      24 h. The distribution of cholesterol in foam cells was evaluated by oil red O 
      staining. The contents of total cholesterol (TC) and free cholesterol (FC) were 
      assessed with commercial kits. Fluorescent imaging was observed with a 
      fluorescent inverted microscope. The capacity of cholesterol efflux was measured 
      with a fluorescent plate reader, and the transcript and protein levels of ABCA1, 
      ABCG1, and SR-B1 were detected by Western blot and quantitative polymerase chain 
      reactions (Q-PCRs). Cytokines in the medium were detected by ELISA and adjusted 
      by total cellular proteins. The results showed that TP decreased ox-LDL-induced 
      cholesterol deposition and foam cell formation by promoting cholesterol efflux to 
      apoA1, which was related to the upregulation of ABCA1 and ABCG1. Moreover, TP 
      decreased the secretion of ox-LDL-induced tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), 
      interleukin 1 beta (IL-1beta), and monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1), an 
      important profoam cell cytokine in atherosclerosis.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2022 Jun Mei et al.
FAU - Mei, Jun
AU  - Mei J
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2431-1113
AD  - Graduate School,, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.
AD  - Institute of Geriatrics, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical 
      Sciences, Beijing, China.
FAU - Xu, Fengqin
AU  - Xu F
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1068-1087
AD  - Institute of Geriatrics, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical 
      Sciences, Beijing, China.
FAU - Zhou, Qingbing
AU  - Zhou Q
AD  - Institute of Geriatrics, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical 
      Sciences, Beijing, China.
FAU - Zhang, Ying
AU  - Zhang Y
AD  - Institute of Geriatrics, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical 
      Sciences, Beijing, China.
FAU - Ji, Jie
AU  - Ji J
AD  - Institute of Geriatrics, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical 
      Sciences, Beijing, China.
FAU - Li, Meng
AU  - Li M
AD  - Graduate School,, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20221105
PL  - United States
TA  - Evid Based Complement Alternat Med
JT  - Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM
JID - 101215021
PMC - PMC9653297
COIS- The authors have declared no conflicts of interest.
EDAT- 2022/11/18 06:00
MHDA- 2022/11/18 06:01
PMCR- 2022/11/05
CRDT- 2022/11/17 11:58
PHST- 2022/03/23 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2022/09/28 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2022/10/29 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2022/11/17 11:58 [entrez]
PHST- 2022/11/18 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2022/11/18 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2022/11/05 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.1155/2022/4304790 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2022 Nov 5;2022:4304790. doi: 
      10.1155/2022/4304790. eCollection 2022.