PMID- 36398450
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20230116
LR  - 20230419
IS  - 1464-5491 (Electronic)
IS  - 0742-3071 (Print)
IS  - 0742-3071 (Linking)
VI  - 40
IP  - 2
DP  - 2023 Feb
TI  - Fasting and meal-stimulated serum C-peptide in long-standing type 1 diabetes 
      mellitus.
PG  - e15012
LID - 10.1111/dme.15012 [doi]
LID - e15012
AB  - AIMS: This study aims to evaluate the stability of C-peptide over time and to 
      compare fasting C-peptide and C-peptide response after mixed-meal tolerance test 
      (MMTT) at T90 or T120 with C-peptide area under the curve (AUC) in long-standing 
      type 1 diabetes. METHODS: We included 607 type 1 diabetes individuals with 
      diabetes duration >5 years. C-peptide concentrations (ultrasensitive assay) were 
      collected in the fasting state, and in a subpopulation after MMTT (T0, just prior 
      to, T30-T60-T90-T120, 30-120 min after ingestion of mixed-meal) (n = 168). 
      Fasting C-peptide concentrations (in n = 535) at Year 0 and Year 1 were compared. 
      The clinical determinants associated with residual C-peptide secretion and the 
      correspondence of C-peptide at MMTT T90 / T120 and total AUC were assessed. 
      RESULTS: A total of 153 participants (25%) had detectable fasting serum C-peptide 
      (i.e >/= 3.8 pmol/L). Fasting C-peptide was significantly lower at Year 1 
      (p < 0.001, effect size = -0.16). Participants with higher fasting C-peptide had 
      a higher age at diagnosis and shorter disease duration and were less frequently 
      insulin pump users. Overall, 109 of 168 (65%) participants had both 
      non-detectable fasting and post-meal serum C-peptide concentrations. The T90 and 
      T120 C-peptide values at MMTT were concordant with total AUC. In 17 (10%) 
      individuals, C-peptide was only detectable at MMTT and not in the fasting state. 
      CONCLUSIONS: Stimulated C-peptide was detectable in an additional 10% of 
      individuals compared with fasting in individuals with >5 years of diabetes 
      duration. T90 and T120 MMTT measurements showed good concordance with the MMTT 
      total AUC. Overall, there was a decrease of C-peptide at 1-year follow-up.
CI  - (c) 2022 The Authors. Diabetic Medicine published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on 
      behalf of Diabetes UK.
FAU - Vollenbrock, Charlotte E
AU  - Vollenbrock CE
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0908-6560
AD  - Department of Endocrinology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center 
      Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
FAU - Mul, Dick
AU  - Mul D
AD  - Diabeter, Center for Paediatric and Adolescent Diabetes Care and Research, 
      Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
FAU - Dekker, Pim
AU  - Dekker P
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1405-8460
AD  - Diabeter, Center for Paediatric and Adolescent Diabetes Care and Research, 
      Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
FAU - Birnie, Erwin
AU  - Birnie E
AD  - Diabeter, Center for Paediatric and Adolescent Diabetes Care and Research, 
      Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
FAU - de Vries-Velraeds, Martine M C
AU  - de Vries-Velraeds MMC
AD  - Diabeter, Center for Paediatric and Adolescent Diabetes Care and Research, 
      Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
FAU - Boesten, Lianne
AU  - Boesten L
AD  - Department of Clinical Chemistry, IJsselland Ziekenhuis, Capelle aan den IJssel, 
      The Netherlands.
FAU - Groen, Joost
AU  - Groen J
AD  - Department of Clinical Chemistry, IJsselland Ziekenhuis, Capelle aan den IJssel, 
      The Netherlands.
FAU - Geelhoed-Duijvestijn, Petronella H L M
AU  - Geelhoed-Duijvestijn PHLM
AD  - Department of Internal Medicine, Medical Centre Haaglanden, Den Haag, The 
      Netherlands.
FAU - Aanstoot, Henk-Jan
AU  - Aanstoot HJ
AD  - Diabeter, Center for Paediatric and Adolescent Diabetes Care and Research, 
      Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
FAU - Wolffenbuttel, Bruce H R
AU  - Wolffenbuttel BHR
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9262-6921
AD  - Department of Endocrinology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center 
      Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
LA  - eng
GR  - Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation Netherlands/
GR  - Diabetes Fonds Nederland (Dutch Diabetes Research Foundation)/
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20221204
PL  - England
TA  - Diabet Med
JT  - Diabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association
JID - 8500858
RN  - 0 (C-Peptide)
RN  - 0 (Insulin)
RN  - 0 (Blood Glucose)
SB  - IM
MH  - Humans
MH  - *Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1
MH  - C-Peptide
MH  - *Insulin-Secreting Cells/physiology
MH  - Fasting
MH  - Meals
MH  - Insulin
MH  - Blood Glucose
PMC - PMC10107202
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - C-peptide
OT  - fasting
OT  - insulin-secreting cells
OT  - reproducibility of results
OT  - type 1 diabetes
COIS- D.M., P.D., M.M.C. deV-V., E.B. and H.J.A. are employed at Diabeter Netherlands, 
      an independent clinic, which was acquired by Medtronic. The research presented 
      here was independently performed and there are no conflicts of interest.
EDAT- 2022/11/19 06:00
MHDA- 2023/01/17 06:00
PMCR- 2023/04/17
CRDT- 2022/11/18 03:23
PHST- 2022/11/09 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2022/04/25 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2022/11/16 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2022/11/19 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2023/01/17 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2022/11/18 03:23 [entrez]
PHST- 2023/04/17 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - DME15012 [pii]
AID - 10.1111/dme.15012 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Diabet Med. 2023 Feb;40(2):e15012. doi: 10.1111/dme.15012. Epub 2022 Dec 4.