PMID- 36405454
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20221122
IS  - 1809-9777 (Print)
IS  - 1809-4864 (Electronic)
IS  - 1809-4864 (Linking)
VI  - 26
IP  - 4
DP  - 2022 Oct
TI  - Role of Probiotics in Patients with Allergic Rhinitis: A Systematic Review of 
      Systematic Reviews.
PG  - e744-e752
LID - 10.1055/s-0042-1749370 [doi]
AB  - Introduction  Allergic rhinitis (AR) is estimated to affect up to 30% of the 
      world population. With the rise in cases, newer treatment modalities have been 
      explored. Probiotics have shown to reduce symptoms of AR and improve quality of 
      life. A few systematic reviews have been published aiming to assess the role of 
      probiotics in AR. Objectives  To consolidate the recent evidence with an overview 
      of systematic reviews by extracting data regarding subjective outcomes (from 
      quality of life questionnaires, the Total Nasal Symptom Score, the Total Ocular 
      Symptom Score, the Daily Total Symptom Score, the incidence of AR, and the 
      Rhinitis Total Symptom Score) and objective outcomes (levels of antigen-specific 
      immunoglobulin E [IgE], total IgE, interleukin 10 [IL-10], interferon gamma 
      [IFNG], eosinophil, and the T helper 1/T helper 2 [Th1/Th2] ratio). Data 
      Synthesis  We conducted a literature search on the PubMed, EBSCO CINAHL, EBSCO 
      Dentistry & Oral Sciences Source, and Cochrane Library up to April 14, 2020. The 
      qualitative assessment was performed using the Assessing the Methodological 
      Quality of Systematic Reviews (AMSTAR-2) tool. A total of 419 titles were 
      screened, and 3 systematic reviews met our eligibility criteria. Probiotics in 
      the treatment of AR have been shown to improve quality of life, the total nasal 
      and ocular symptom scores, the daily total symptom scores and Th1/Th2 ratio. No 
      difference was ascertained for rhinitis total symptom score, and the rates of 
      antigen-specific IgE, total IgE, IL-10, INFG and eosinophil. Conclusion  The 
      present review showed that there is considerable evidence that probiotics are 
      useful in the treatment of AR. Further randomized trials targeting the 
      limitations of the currently-available evidence can help ascertain the usefulness 
      of probiotics in cases of AR.
CI  - Fundacao Otorrinolaringologia. This is an open access article published by Thieme 
      under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonDerivative-NonCommercial 
      License, permitting copying and reproduction so long as the original work is 
      given appropriate credit. Contents may not be used for commecial purposes, or 
      adapted, remixed, transformed or built upon. ( 
      https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ ).
FAU - Iftikhar, Haissan
AU  - Iftikhar H
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3266-4015
AD  - Department of Otolaryngology, Rawal Institute of Health Sciences, Islamabad, 
      Pakistan.
FAU - Awan, Muhammad Ozair
AU  - Awan MO
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0513-2366
AD  - Department of Surgery, Aga Khan University Medical College, Karachi, Pakistan.
FAU - Awan, Muhammad Sohail
AU  - Awan MS
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8323-7350
AD  - Department of Surgery, Aga Khan University Medical College, Karachi, Pakistan.
FAU - Mustafa, Khawaja
AU  - Mustafa K
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9096-1213
AD  - Department of Surgery, Aga Khan University Medical College, Karachi, Pakistan.
FAU - Das, Jai K
AU  - Das JK
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2966-7162
AD  - Division of Women and Child Health, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan.
FAU - Ahmed, Shahzada Khuram
AU  - Ahmed SK
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1726-1261
AD  - Department of Otolaryngology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, United 
      Kingdom.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
DEP - 20220617
PL  - Brazil
TA  - Int Arch Otorhinolaryngol
JT  - International archives of otorhinolaryngology
JID - 101637652
PMC - PMC9668414
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - allergic rhinitis
OT  - nasal symptom score
OT  - probiotics
OT  - quality of life
OT  - rhinosinusitis
COIS- Conflict of Interests The authors have no conflict of interests to declare.
EDAT- 2022/11/22 06:00
MHDA- 2022/11/22 06:01
PMCR- 2022/06/01
CRDT- 2022/11/21 03:57
PHST- 2021/10/30 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2022/04/17 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2022/11/21 03:57 [entrez]
PHST- 2022/11/22 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2022/11/22 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2022/06/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 220714 [pii]
AID - 10.1055/s-0042-1749370 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Int Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2022 Jun 17;26(4):e744-e752. doi: 
      10.1055/s-0042-1749370. eCollection 2022 Oct.