PMID- 36433526
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20221213
IS  - 1424-8220 (Electronic)
IS  - 1424-8220 (Linking)
VI  - 22
IP  - 22
DP  - 2022 Nov 18
TI  - Energy-Efficient Routing Protocol for Selecting Relay Nodes in Underwater Sensor 
      Networks Based on Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy Process.
LID - 10.3390/s22228930 [doi]
LID - 8930
AB  - The use of underwater sensor networks (UWSNs) offers great advantages in many 
      automatic observation services such as water monitoring (ocean, sea, etc.) and 
      registering of geological events (landslides, earthquakes). However, UWSNs have 
      many more limitations than terrestrial sensor networks (smaller bandwidth, higher 
      delays, etc.) with new requirements such as low power consumption by nodes or 
      being able to select appropriate routes in a dynamic topology due to water 
      currents and movements. To cope with these problems, the use of a routing 
      protocol is very important. In this paper we propose a routing technique that 
      adapts to changes in the network topology, avoiding multiple retransmissions that 
      would affect its overall performance. This protocol is energy-efficient and is 
      implemented using a fuzzy analytical hierarchical process (FAHP) under 
      multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) to make an intelligent routing decision 
      based on objectives, criteria and alternatives. To select the next node on the 
      route, several comparison matrices are used: number of hops, distances to the 
      sink node, and number of neighbors. The results show that the proposed setup 
      behaves similarly to other existing underwater sensor network routing schemes 
      using fuzzy schemes such as SPRINT.
FAU - Pabani, Jitander Kumar
AU  - Pabani JK
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5698-9263
AD  - Department of Telecommunication Engineering, Dawood University of Engineering and 
      Technology, Karachi 74800, Pakistan.
AD  - Institute of Oceanic Engineering Research, University of Malaga, 29010 Malaga, 
      Spain.
FAU - Luque-Nieto, Miguel-Angel
AU  - Luque-Nieto MA
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9287-2329
AD  - Institute of Oceanic Engineering Research, University of Malaga, 29010 Malaga, 
      Spain.
FAU - Hyder, Waheeduddin
AU  - Hyder W
AD  - Department of Computer Science, Faculty of Engineering and Computational Science, 
      Millennium Institute of Technology and Entrepreneurship (MITE), No 10, Sector 47, 
      Korangi Creek Road, Karachi 75190, Pakistan.
FAU - Ariza, Alfonso
AU  - Ariza A
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4637-4326
AD  - Institute of Oceanic Engineering Research, University of Malaga, 29010 Malaga, 
      Spain.
LA  - eng
GR  - PID2020-112502RB / AEI / 10.13039/501100011033. "NAUTILUS" 
      Project./Ministry of Science and Innovation, Spain/
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20221118
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Sensors (Basel)
JT  - Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
JID - 101204366
SB  - IM
PMC - PMC9696347
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - UWSNs
OT  - fuzzy analytical hierarchy process
OT  - routing protocols
COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest.
EDAT- 2022/11/27 06:00
MHDA- 2022/11/27 06:01
PMCR- 2022/11/18
CRDT- 2022/11/26 01:36
PHST- 2022/10/24 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2022/11/11 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2022/11/16 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2022/11/26 01:36 [entrez]
PHST- 2022/11/27 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2022/11/27 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2022/11/18 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - s22228930 [pii]
AID - sensors-22-08930 [pii]
AID - 10.3390/s22228930 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Sensors (Basel). 2022 Nov 18;22(22):8930. doi: 10.3390/s22228930.