PMID- 36436553
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20230110
LR  - 20230207
IS  - 1096-0953 (Electronic)
IS  - 0013-9351 (Linking)
VI  - 217
DP  - 2023 Jan 15
TI  - Association between polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon exposure and hypertension 
      among the U.S. adults in the NHANES 2003-2016: A cross-sectional study.
PG  - 114907
LID - S0013-9351(22)02234-4 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.envres.2022.114907 [doi]
AB  - The global burden of hypertension, the major cause of cardiovascular disease 
      (CVD) globally, remains unresolved. Exposure to PM2.5 has been linked to 
      hypertension (HTN) in adults and the elderly globally according to previous 
      studies. Nonetheless, evidence on the association of polycyclic aromatic 
      hydrocarbon (PAH) exposure and HTN risk in the general adult population in the 
      United States was limited. To investigate the relationship between PAH exposure 
      and HTN in adults in the United States, cross-sectional data during 2003 and 2016 
      from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) on a 
      stratified multistage random sample of the civilian non-institutionalized 
      population were utilized. After eliminating individuals with incomplete 
      information of interest, the final analysis contained 8951 subjects aged >/=20. In 
      the multivariate logistic regression model, 1-hydroxynaphthalene and 
      2-hydroxyfluorene were found positively associated with increased risk of HTN 
      among overall participants after adjusting for the covariates. 
      1-hydroxynaphthalene and 2-hydroxynaphthalene showed positive associations with 
      HTN risk among overweight participants. In the Bayesian kernel machine regression 
      (BKMR) model, 1-hydroxynaphthalene and 2-hydroxyfluorene presented great 
      importance to HTN risk among overall individuals. In the male subgroup analyses 
      by BKMR, 2-hydroxyfluorene presented a positive effect on HTN risk when the 
      remaining OH-PAHs were set at their 25th, 50th, and 75th percentile. Our findings 
      highlight the complexities of estimating the risk of HTN associated with mixed 
      PAH exposure, and additional longitudinal studies are required to determine the 
      exact link between PAH exposure and HTN risk, as well as the underlying 
      mechanisms.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2022 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
FAU - Lu, Lingyi
AU  - Lu L
AD  - Xuhui District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, 200237, 
      China.
FAU - Ni, Rong
AU  - Ni R
AD  - Xuhui District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, 200237, 
      China. Electronic address: xhcdcpcl@163.com.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20221125
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - Environ Res
JT  - Environmental research
JID - 0147621
RN  - 0 (Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons)
RN  - C7588WEA3R (2-hydroxyfluorene)
RN  - 2A71EAQ389 (1-naphthol)
RN  - 0 (Biomarkers)
SB  - IM
MH  - Aged
MH  - Adult
MH  - Humans
MH  - Male
MH  - United States/epidemiology
MH  - *Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons/toxicity/analysis
MH  - Nutrition Surveys
MH  - Cross-Sectional Studies
MH  - Bayes Theorem
MH  - Biomarkers
MH  - *Hypertension/chemically induced/epidemiology
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - BKMR
OT  - Hypertension
OT  - NHANES
OT  - Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon
COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known 
      competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared 
      to influence the work reported in this paper.
EDAT- 2022/11/28 06:00
MHDA- 2023/01/11 06:00
CRDT- 2022/11/27 19:22
PHST- 2022/06/09 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2022/11/06 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2022/11/21 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2022/11/28 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2023/01/11 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2022/11/27 19:22 [entrez]
AID - S0013-9351(22)02234-4 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.envres.2022.114907 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Environ Res. 2023 Jan 15;217:114907. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.114907. Epub 2022 
      Nov 25.