PMID- 36446898
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20230216
LR  - 20230302
IS  - 1759-5037 (Electronic)
IS  - 1759-5029 (Linking)
VI  - 19
IP  - 3
DP  - 2023 Mar
TI  - Cardiorenal diseases in type 2 diabetes mellitus: clinical trials and real-world 
      practice.
PG  - 151-163
LID - 10.1038/s41574-022-00776-2 [doi]
AB  - Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) can have multiple comorbidities and 
      premature mortality due to atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, 
      hospitalization with heart failure and/or chronic kidney disease. Traditional 
      drugs that lower glucose, such as metformin, or that treat high blood pressure 
      and blood levels of lipids, such as renin-angiotensin-system inhibitors and 
      statins, have organ-protective effects in patients with T2DM. Amongst patients 
      with T2DM treated with these traditional drugs, randomized clinical trials have 
      confirmed the additional cardiorenal benefits of sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 
      inhibitors (SGLT2i), glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists (GLP1RA) and 
      nonsteroidal mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists. The cardiorenal benefits of 
      SGLT2i extended to patients with heart failure and/or chronic kidney disease 
      without T2DM, whereas incretin-based therapy (such as GLP1RA) reduced 
      cardiovascular events in patients with obesity and T2DM. However, considerable 
      care gaps exist owing to insufficient detection, therapeutic inertia and poor 
      adherence to these life-saving medications. In this Review, we discuss the 
      complex interconnections of cardiorenal-metabolic diseases and strategies to 
      implement evidence-based practice. Furthermore, we consider the need to conduct 
      clinical trials combined with registers in specific patient segments to evaluate 
      existing and emerging therapies to address unmet needs in T2DM.
CI  - (c) 2022. Springer Nature Limited.
FAU - Lim, Lee-Ling
AU  - Lim LL
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6214-6924
AD  - Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, 
      Malaysia.
AD  - Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, 
      Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China.
FAU - Chow, Elaine
AU  - Chow E
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4147-3387
AD  - Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, 
      Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China.
AD  - Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, 
      Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China.
AD  - Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, 
      Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China.
AD  - Phase 1 Clinical Trial Centre, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of 
      Wales Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China.
FAU - Chan, Juliana C N
AU  - Chan JCN
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1325-1194
AD  - Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, 
      Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China. 
      jchan@cuhk.edu.hk.
AD  - Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, 
      Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China. 
      jchan@cuhk.edu.hk.
AD  - Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, 
      Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China. 
      jchan@cuhk.edu.hk.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
DEP - 20221129
PL  - England
TA  - Nat Rev Endocrinol
JT  - Nature reviews. Endocrinology
JID - 101500078
RN  - 0 (Hypoglycemic Agents)
RN  - 0 (Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor)
RN  - 0 (Sodium-Glucose Transporter 2 Inhibitors)
RN  - IY9XDZ35W2 (Glucose)
RN  - Hypertensive Nephropathy
SB  - IM
MH  - Humans
MH  - *Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/complications/drug therapy
MH  - Hypoglycemic Agents/pharmacology
MH  - *Cardiovascular Diseases/epidemiology/drug therapy
MH  - Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor/agonists/therapeutic use
MH  - *Sodium-Glucose Transporter 2 Inhibitors/therapeutic use/pharmacology
MH  - *Heart Failure/drug therapy/epidemiology
MH  - Glucose
EDAT- 2022/11/30 06:00
MHDA- 2023/02/17 06:00
CRDT- 2022/11/29 23:32
PHST- 2022/10/27 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2022/11/30 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2023/02/17 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2022/11/29 23:32 [entrez]
AID - 10.1038/s41574-022-00776-2 [pii]
AID - 10.1038/s41574-022-00776-2 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Nat Rev Endocrinol. 2023 Mar;19(3):151-163. doi: 10.1038/s41574-022-00776-2. Epub 
      2022 Nov 29.