PMID- 36450565
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20221202
LR  - 20221202
IS  - 1882-0476 (Electronic)
VI  - 63
IP  - 4
DP  - 2022
TI  - PAMPs and Host Immune Response in Cryptococcal Infection.
PG  - 133-138
LID - 10.3314/mmj.22.005 [doi]
AB  - Cryptococcus spp. are yeast-type opportunistic fungal pathogens with thick 
      polysaccharide capsules that infect the lungs via airborne routes and frequently 
      cause fatal meningoencephalitis. The cellular immune mechanism plays a central 
      role in controlling cryptococcal infection and is critically regulated by Th1-Th2 
      immune balance. Pathogens that have invaded the host are recognized by innate 
      immune cells, and appropriate immune responses are initiated. Pathogen-associated 
      molecular patterns (PAMPs) are recognized by macrophages and dendritic cells via 
      pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), which trigger the inflammatory responses as 
      the first line of host defense. Some PRRs, such as Toll-like receptors (TLRs), 
      NOD-like receptors (NLRs), and C-type lectin receptors (CLRs), are involved in 
      the recognition of cryptococcal components, such as glucuronoxylomannan (GXM), 
      mannoproteins (MPs), and nucleic acids. However, some cryptococcal cell 
      components suppress the host immune response. This review will highlight the 
      cryptococcal components involved in host immune responses. Future research is 
      expected to promote the understanding of the mechanism of host immune response to 
      Cryptococcus, which will lead to the development of new vaccines and therapies 
      for cryptococcal infection.
FAU - Sato, Ko
AU  - Sato K
AD  - Department of Medical Microbiology, Mycology and Immunology, Tohoku University 
      Graduate School of Medicine.
AD  - Department of Intelligent Network for Infection Control, Tohoku University 
      Graduate School of Medicine.
FAU - Kawakami, Kazuyoshi
AU  - Kawakami K
AD  - Department of Medical Microbiology, Mycology and Immunology, Tohoku University 
      Graduate School of Medicine.
AD  - Department of Intelligent Network for Infection Control, Tohoku University 
      Graduate School of Medicine.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
PL  - Japan
TA  - Med Mycol J
JT  - Medical mycology journal
JID - 101562838
RN  - 0 (Pathogen-Associated Molecular Pattern Molecules)
SB  - IM
MH  - Pathogen-Associated Molecular Pattern Molecules
MH  - *Cryptococcosis
MH  - *Mycoses
MH  - *Cryptococcus
MH  - Immunity
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Cryptococcus spp.
OT  - host immune response
OT  - pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs)
OT  - pattern recognition receptors (PRRs)
EDAT- 2022/12/01 06:00
MHDA- 2022/12/03 06:00
CRDT- 2022/11/30 21:14
PHST- 2022/11/30 21:14 [entrez]
PHST- 2022/12/01 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2022/12/03 06:00 [medline]
AID - 10.3314/mmj.22.005 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Med Mycol J. 2022;63(4):133-138. doi: 10.3314/mmj.22.005.