PMID- 36461123
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20221212
LR  - 20221212
IS  - 2050-7283 (Electronic)
IS  - 2050-7283 (Linking)
VI  - 10
IP  - 1
DP  - 2022 Dec 2
TI  - Changing attitudes towards psychotherapy via social observations: are 
      similarities more important than discrepancies?
PG  - 286
LID - 10.1186/s40359-022-00952-z [doi]
LID - 286
AB  - OBJECTIVES: Therapy expectations and attitudes towards psychotherapy contribute 
      substantially to the outcome, process and duration of psychotherapy. The a priori 
      use of role model videos seems to be promising for changing expectations and 
      attitudes towards psychotherapy. In contrast, underlying mechanisms, like 
      identifying with the role model, have been sparsely investigated in studies so 
      far. For instance, the effects of similarities and differences between the role 
      model and the observer are not clear yet. METHODS: A total of 158 persons were 
      recruited and randomly assigned to four groups. In one of three experimental 
      groups, participants watched an expectation-optimised video with patients giving 
      information about their mostly positive therapy outcomes (positive model). Two 
      further experimental groups saw the same video, but either received instructions 
      to focus on similarities (similarity group) or on differences (discrepancy group) 
      between the patients and themselves. A further control group watched a video with 
      patients who gave information about their symptoms. As the primary outcome 
      variable, we assessed attitudes towards psychotherapy using the Questionnaire on 
      Attitudes towards Psychotherapy (QAPT). It was filled in before and after 
      watching the video and after a two-week follow-up period. RESULTS: Contrary to 
      the hypotheses, the discrepancy group and the experimental group without further 
      intervention (positive model) showed significant improvements in their attitudes 
      towards psychotherapy after watching the video, while such an effect was not 
      found in the similarity group or control group. CONCLUSION: Focusing on 
      similarities between patient examples and the observer does not support a change 
      in therapy expectations or attitudes through observation, while a positive video 
      model without instructions, or with the instruction to focus on differences does. 
      Attentional interference and depth of cognitive evaluation are discussed as 
      possible reasons. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Ethical approval (2018-19k) was obtained 
      from the ethics committee of the Psychological Department, University of Marburg, 
      and the trial was registered at Aspredicted.org (#22,205; 16.04.2019).
CI  - (c) 2022. The Author(s).
FAU - Braun-Koch, Kristina
AU  - Braun-Koch K
AD  - Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Philipps-University Marburg, 
      Gutenbergstrasse 18, 35032, Marburg, Germany. braun-koch@staff.uni-marburg.de.
FAU - Rief, Winfried
AU  - Rief W
AD  - Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Philipps-University Marburg, 
      Gutenbergstrasse 18, 35032, Marburg, Germany.
FAU - Teige-Mocigemba, Sarah
AU  - Teige-Mocigemba S
AD  - Department of Personality and Diagnostics, Psychological Diagnostics, 
      Philipps-University, Marburg, Gutenbergstrasse 18, 35032, Marburg, Germany.
LA  - eng
GR  - 290878970-GRK 2271, Project 8/Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft/
GR  - 290878970-GRK 2271, Project 8/Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft/
GR  - 290878970-GRK 2271, Project 8/Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft/
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Randomized Controlled Trial
DEP - 20221202
PL  - England
TA  - BMC Psychol
JT  - BMC psychology
JID - 101627676
SB  - IM
MH  - Humans
MH  - *Morals
MH  - *Psychotherapy
PMC - PMC9719139
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Attitudes towards psychotherapy
OT  - Expectation violation
OT  - Therapy expectation
OT  - Video intervention
OT  - ViolEx model
COIS- None. The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
EDAT- 2022/12/03 06:00
MHDA- 2022/12/07 06:00
PMCR- 2022/12/02
CRDT- 2022/12/02 23:55
PHST- 2022/01/12 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2022/10/19 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2022/10/12 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2022/12/02 23:55 [entrez]
PHST- 2022/12/03 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2022/12/07 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2022/12/02 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.1186/s40359-022-00952-z [pii]
AID - 952 [pii]
AID - 10.1186/s40359-022-00952-z [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - BMC Psychol. 2022 Dec 2;10(1):286. doi: 10.1186/s40359-022-00952-z.