PMID- 36463252
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20221206
LR  - 20230117
IS  - 2045-2322 (Electronic)
IS  - 2045-2322 (Linking)
VI  - 12
IP  - 1
DP  - 2022 Dec 3
TI  - Natural reservoir Rousettus aegyptiacus bat host model of orthonairovirus 
      infection identifies potential zoonotic spillover mechanisms.
PG  - 20936
LID - 10.1038/s41598-022-24673-w [doi]
LID - 20936
AB  - The human-pathogenic Kasokero virus (KASV; genus Orthonairovirus) has been 
      isolated from the sera of Egyptian rousette bats (ERBs; Rousettus aegyptiacus) 
      captured in Uganda and unengorged Ornithodoros (Reticulinasus) faini ticks 
      collected from the rock crevices of ERB colonies in South Africa and Uganda. 
      Although evidence suggests that KASV is maintained in an enzootic transmission 
      cycle between O. (R.) faini ticks and ERBs with potential for incidental virus 
      spillover to humans through the bite of an infected tick, the vertebrate 
      reservoir status of ERBs for KASV has never been experimentally evaluated. 
      Furthermore, the potential for bat-to-bat and bat-to-human transmission of KASV 
      is unknown. Herein, we inoculate two groups of ERBs with KASV; one group of bats 
      is serially sampled to assess viremia, oral, fecal, and urinary shedding and the 
      second group of bats is serially euthanized to assess virus-tissue tropism. 
      Throughout the study, none of the bats exhibit overt signs of clinical disease. 
      Following the detection of high KASV loads of long duration in blood, oral, 
      fecal, and urine specimens collected from ERBs in the serial sampling group, all 
      bats seroconvert to KASV. ERBs from the serial euthanasia group exhibit high KASV 
      loads indicative of virus replication in the skin at the inoculation site, 
      spleen, and inguinal lymph node tissue, and histopathology and in situ 
      hybridization reveal virus replication in the liver and self-limiting, 
      KASV-induced lymphohistiocytic hepatitis. The results of this study suggest that 
      ERBs are competent, natural vertebrate reservoir hosts for KASV that can sustain 
      viremias of appropriate magnitude and duration to support virus maintenance 
      through bat-tick-bat transmission cycles. Viral shedding data suggests that KASV 
      might also be transmitted bat-to-bat and highlights the potential for KASV 
      spillover to humans through contact with infectious oral secretions, feces, or 
      urine.
CI  - (c) 2022. This is a U.S. Government work and not under copyright protection in the 
      US; foreign copyright protection may apply.
FAU - Schuh, Amy J
AU  - Schuh AJ
AD  - Viral Special Pathogens Branch, Division of High-Consequence Pathogens and 
      Pathology, United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, 
      USA. wuc2@cdc.gov.
AD  - United States Public Health Service Commissioned Corps, Rockville, MD, USA. 
      wuc2@cdc.gov.
FAU - Amman, Brian R
AU  - Amman BR
AD  - Viral Special Pathogens Branch, Division of High-Consequence Pathogens and 
      Pathology, United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, 
      USA.
FAU - Guito, Jonathan C
AU  - Guito JC
AD  - Viral Special Pathogens Branch, Division of High-Consequence Pathogens and 
      Pathology, United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, 
      USA.
FAU - Graziano, James C
AU  - Graziano JC
AD  - Viral Special Pathogens Branch, Division of High-Consequence Pathogens and 
      Pathology, United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, 
      USA.
FAU - Sealy, Tara K
AU  - Sealy TK
AD  - Viral Special Pathogens Branch, Division of High-Consequence Pathogens and 
      Pathology, United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, 
      USA.
FAU - Kirejczyk, Shannon G M
AU  - Kirejczyk SGM
AD  - Viral Special Pathogens Branch, Division of High-Consequence Pathogens and 
      Pathology, United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, 
      USA.
FAU - Towner, Jonathan S
AU  - Towner JS
AD  - Viral Special Pathogens Branch, Division of High-Consequence Pathogens and 
      Pathology, United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, 
      USA. jit8@cdc.gov.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20221203
PL  - England
TA  - Sci Rep
JT  - Scientific reports
JID - 101563288
SB  - IM
MH  - Humans
MH  - Animals
MH  - *Chiroptera
MH  - *Nairovirus
MH  - Zoonoses
MH  - *Ornithodoros
MH  - Feces
MH  - Viremia
PMC - PMC9719536
COIS- The authors declare no competing interests.
EDAT- 2022/12/04 06:00
MHDA- 2022/12/07 06:00
PMCR- 2022/12/03
CRDT- 2022/12/03 23:30
PHST- 2022/09/30 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2022/11/18 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2022/12/03 23:30 [entrez]
PHST- 2022/12/04 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2022/12/07 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2022/12/03 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.1038/s41598-022-24673-w [pii]
AID - 24673 [pii]
AID - 10.1038/s41598-022-24673-w [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Sci Rep. 2022 Dec 3;12(1):20936. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-24673-w.