PMID- 36499643
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20221216
LR  - 20230308
IS  - 1422-0067 (Electronic)
IS  - 1422-0067 (Linking)
VI  - 23
IP  - 23
DP  - 2022 Dec 5
TI  - A Reduced Tryptophan Diet in Patients with Diarrhoea-Predominant Irritable Bowel 
      Syndrome Improves Their Abdominal Symptoms and Their Quality of Life through 
      Reduction of Serotonin Levels and Its Urinary Metabolites.
LID - 10.3390/ijms232315314 [doi]
LID - 15314
AB  - (1). An essential component of any treatment for patients with irritable bowel 
      syndrome (IBS) is an adequate diet. Currently, a low FODMAP diet is recommended 
      as a first-line therapy, but it does not relieve abdominal discomfort in all 
      patients, and alternative nutritional treatment is required. The purpose of this 
      study was to evaluate the effect of a tryptophan-lowering diet (TRP) on abdominal 
      and mental symptoms in patients with irritable bowel syndrome with predominant 
      diarrhea (IBS-D). (2). The study included 40 patients with IBS-D, and 40 healthy 
      subjects served as a baseline for IBS-D patients, after excluding comorbidities. 
      The TRP intake was calculated using the nutritional calculator. The severity of 
      abdominal symptoms was assessed using the gastrointestinal symptom rating scale 
      (GSRS-IBS). Mental state was assessed using the Hamilton anxiety rating scale 
      (HAM-A), the Hamilton depression rating scale (HAM-D), and the insomnia severity 
      index (ISI). The serum levels of serotonin and melatonin and the urinary 
      excretion of their metabolites 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) and 
      6-sulfatoxymelatonin (aMT6) were determined by the ELISA method. The severity of 
      symptoms and laboratory data were analyzed before and after a 12 week diet with 
      tryptophan restricted to a daily dose 10 mg per kilogram body weight. (3). 
      Compared to the control group, patients with IBS-D had a higher serum level of 
      serotonin (198.2 +/- 38.1 vs. 142.3 +/- 36.4 ng/mL; p < 0.001) but a similar level of 
      melatonin (8.6 +/- 1.1 vs. 9.4 +/- 3.0 pg/mL; p > 0.05). The urinary excretion of 
      5-HIAA was also higher in patients with IBS-D patients (7.7 +/- 1.5 vs. 6.0 +/- 1.7 
      mg/24 h; p < 0.001). After nutritional treatment, both the serum serotonin level 
      and the urinary 5-HIAA excretion significantly decreased (p < 0.001). The 
      severity of the abdominal symptoms and anxiety also decreased, while the HAM-D 
      score and the ISI score remained unchanged (4). Lowering the dietary intake of 
      tryptophan may reduce abdominal complaints and does not alter the mental state of 
      IBS-D patients.
FAU - Chojnacki, Cezary
AU  - Chojnacki C
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1620-4775
AD  - Department of Clinical Nutrition and Gastroenterological Diagnostics, Medical 
      University of Lodz, 90-647 Lodz, Poland.
FAU - Medrek-Socha, Marta
AU  - Medrek-Socha M
AD  - Department of Clinical Nutrition and Gastroenterological Diagnostics, Medical 
      University of Lodz, 90-647 Lodz, Poland.
FAU - Blonska, Aleksandra
AU  - Blonska A
AD  - Department of Clinical Nutrition and Gastroenterological Diagnostics, Medical 
      University of Lodz, 90-647 Lodz, Poland.
FAU - Zajdel, Radoslaw
AU  - Zajdel R
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1654-8957
AD  - Department of Computer Science in Economics, University of Lodz, 90-237 Lodz, 
      Poland.
FAU - Chojnacki, Jan
AU  - Chojnacki J
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8766-7868
AD  - Department of Clinical Nutrition and Gastroenterological Diagnostics, Medical 
      University of Lodz, 90-647 Lodz, Poland.
FAU - Poplawski, Tomasz
AU  - Poplawski T
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2300-7339
AD  - Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology and Biochemistry, Medical University of 
      Lodz, 90-136 Lodz, Poland.
LA  - eng
GR  - NN - 503-006-05/18/Medical University of Lodz/
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20221205
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Int J Mol Sci
JT  - International journal of molecular sciences
JID - 101092791
RN  - 8DUH1N11BX (Tryptophan)
RN  - 333DO1RDJY (Serotonin)
RN  - 54-16-0 (Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid)
SB  - IM
MH  - Humans
MH  - *Irritable Bowel Syndrome
MH  - Tryptophan
MH  - Serotonin/metabolism
MH  - Quality of Life
MH  - Diarrhea/etiology
MH  - Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid
MH  - Diet
PMC - PMC9738361
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - irritable bowel syndrome
OT  - melatonin
OT  - serotonin
OT  - tryptophan intake
COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest.
EDAT- 2022/12/12 06:00
MHDA- 2022/12/15 06:00
PMCR- 2022/12/05
CRDT- 2022/12/11 01:21
PHST- 2022/09/12 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2022/11/29 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2022/12/01 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2022/12/11 01:21 [entrez]
PHST- 2022/12/12 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2022/12/15 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2022/12/05 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - ijms232315314 [pii]
AID - ijms-23-15314 [pii]
AID - 10.3390/ijms232315314 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Int J Mol Sci. 2022 Dec 5;23(23):15314. doi: 10.3390/ijms232315314.