PMID- 36505625
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20221221
IS  - 2249-4863 (Print)
IS  - 2278-7135 (Electronic)
IS  - 2249-4863 (Linking)
VI  - 11
IP  - 9
DP  - 2022 Sep
TI  - Prevalence and determinants of isolated systolic and isolated diastolic 
      hypertension in India: Insights from the national family health survey (NFHS)- 4.
PG  - 5738-5745
LID - 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_165_22 [doi]
AB  - BACKGROUND: Isolated Systolic Hypertension (ISH) and Isolated Diastolic 
      Hypertension (IDH) are often the ignored forms of hypertension and are 
      determinants of future cardiac and neurological events and contribute to 
      mortality. However, the nationally representative estimates of both these forms 
      of hypertension remain unknown from India. AIM: To estimate the ISH and IDH from 
      a nationally representative survey of India. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The present 
      study used data from 7,23,181 people (15-54 years), recorded during the fourth 
      round (2015-2016) of the National Family Health Survey (NFHS), India. The 
      prevalence of ISH and IDH was calculated for state comparison, while multilevel 
      logistic regression analysis was done to assess the correlates of both types of 
      hypertension. RESULTS: The prevalence of ISH and IDH was found to be 1.2% (95% CI 
      1.0-1.4) and 5.7% (95% CI 5.2-6.2), respectively. The prevalence of both ISH and 
      IDH increased with age, with a more significant increase in systolic pressure 
      towards the higher age. Northeastern states of India (Assam, Meghalaya, and 
      Arunachal Pradesh) had the highest prevalence of both forms of hypertension. On 
      multilevel logistic regression, male gender, increasing age groups (highest odds 
      ratio (OR) being in 45-49 year age group), alcohol, and diabetes positively 
      predicted both ISH and IDH. Urban residence, literacy, and tobacco were positive 
      predictors of IDH, whereas urban residence, smoking, and literacy negatively 
      predicted ISH. CONCLUSION: ISH and IDH have a significant presence among the 
      population of India. This data provides insights to formulate strategies at the 
      primary and primordial prevention levels.
CI  - Copyright: (c) 2022 Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care.
FAU - Gupta, Puneet
AU  - Gupta P
AD  - Assistant Professor (Cardiology), Vardhaman Mahavir Medical College and 
      Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi, India.
FAU - Sarkar, Prattay G
AU  - Sarkar PG
AD  - Assistant Professor (Cardiology), RIMS, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India.
FAU - Verma, Vivek
AU  - Verma V
AD  - Department of Statistics, Assam University, Silchar, Assam, India.
FAU - Kumar, Amit
AU  - Kumar A
AD  - Department of Neurology, RIMS, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India.
FAU - Arora, Sameer
AU  - Arora S
AD  - Fellow, Division of Cardiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, USA.
FAU - Kotwal, Atul
AU  - Kotwal A
AD  - Executive Director, National Health Systems Resource Centre, New Delhi, India.
FAU - Raj, Sonika
AU  - Raj S
AD  - Public Health Masters Program, School of Medicine, University of Limerick, 
      Limerick, Ireland.
FAU - Goel, Sonu
AU  - Goel S
AD  - Department of Community Medicine and School of Public Health, PGIMER, Chandigarh, 
      India.
FAU - Malhotra, Sumit
AU  - Malhotra S
AD  - Centre for Community Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New 
      Delhi, India.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20221014
PL  - India
TA  - J Family Med Prim Care
JT  - Journal of family medicine and primary care
JID - 101610082
PMC - PMC9730961
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Isolated diastolic hypertension
OT  - isolated systolic hypertension
OT  - national family health survey
OT  - prevalence
COIS- There are no conflicts of interest.
EDAT- 2022/12/13 06:00
MHDA- 2022/12/13 06:01
PMCR- 2022/09/01
CRDT- 2022/12/12 11:02
PHST- 2022/01/21 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2022/02/25 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2022/03/08 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2022/12/12 11:02 [entrez]
PHST- 2022/12/13 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2022/12/13 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2022/09/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - JFMPC-11-5738 [pii]
AID - 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_165_22 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Family Med Prim Care. 2022 Sep;11(9):5738-5745. doi: 
      10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_165_22. Epub 2022 Oct 14.