PMID- 36510374
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20230113
LR  - 20230113
IS  - 1750-3841 (Electronic)
IS  - 0022-1147 (Linking)
VI  - 88
IP  - 1
DP  - 2023 Jan
TI  - Risk assessment supporting the establishment of a maximum residue limit for 
      ractopamine in beef liver, applicable in the Arab Republic of Egypt.
PG  - 552-562
LID - 10.1111/1750-3841.16399 [doi]
AB  - In 2012, the Codex Alimentarius Commission adopted maximum residue limits (MRLs) 
      for ractopamine in pig and cattle tissues. Egypt, a country that records a high 
      consumption of beef liver, conducted a health risk assessment to estimate the 
      risks associated with the adoption of Codex MRLs and the possible adoption of 
      alternative values that may offer higher protection. Ractopamine was 
      characterized based on previous assessments performed by international regulatory 
      agencies, and an acceptable daily intake was set at 1 microg/kg bw for both chronic 
      and acute ractopamine exposure. Beef liver consumption data for the Egyptian 
      population were collected through a field survey (529 households, 1929 
      individuals). The standard body weight of 60 kg was used, as well as 70 kg, as a 
      potentially more representative weight for the Egyptian population. Simulations 
      showed that when the MRL for ractopamine in beef liver is set to 40 microg/kg (Codex 
      MRL) or 20 microg/kg, the health-based guidance value of 1 microg/kg bw was not exceeded, 
      as a result of chronic or acute exposure. An MRL of 20 microg/kg of ractopamine in 
      beef liver was shown to provide optimum protection of Egyptian consumers, 
      considering other potential sources of ractopamine intake and abnormally high 
      consumption patterns, and was therefore recommended for adoption in Egypt. This 
      study presents the inputs, model, and results of the probabilistic risk 
      assessment that supported such recommendation. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: Residues of 
      veterinary drugs, such as ractopamine, accumulate in animal tissues and may pose 
      a risk to consumers. Establishing maximum residue limits (MRLs) will help 
      importers by giving them the necessary visibility for commercial trade. It will 
      also benefit Egyptian consumers, large consumers of beef liver, who will be 
      better protected with a lower MRL than the internationally recommended one.
CI  - (c) 2022 Institute of Food Technologists.
FAU - Godefroy, Samuel Benrejeb
AU  - Godefroy SB
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4199-3825
AD  - Food Risk Analysis and Regulatory Excellence Platform (PARERA), Institute of 
      Nutrition and Functional Foods, Laval University, Quebec, Canada.
AD  - Global Food Regulatory Science Society (GFoRSS), C/O PARERA, Laval University, 
      Quebec, Canada.
FAU - Dominguez, Silvia
AU  - Dominguez S
AD  - Food Risk Analysis and Regulatory Excellence Platform (PARERA), Institute of 
      Nutrition and Functional Foods, Laval University, Quebec, Canada.
FAU - Feeley, Mark
AU  - Feeley M
AD  - Global Food Regulatory Science Society (GFoRSS), C/O PARERA, Laval University, 
      Quebec, Canada.
FAU - Theolier, Jeremie
AU  - Theolier J
AD  - Food Risk Analysis and Regulatory Excellence Platform (PARERA), Institute of 
      Nutrition and Functional Foods, Laval University, Quebec, Canada.
FAU - Alla, Sohair A Gad
AU  - Alla SAG
AD  - National Food Safety Agency of Egypt (NFSA), Bab El Louq, Egypt.
FAU - Samel, Alex
AU  - Samel A
AD  - Land O'Lakes Venture37, United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) 
      Transforming the Assessment and Inspection of Food Businesses in Egypt (TAIB) 
      Project, Cairo, Egypt.
FAU - Shedeed, Khaled
AU  - Shedeed K
AD  - Land O'Lakes Venture37, United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) 
      Transforming the Assessment and Inspection of Food Businesses in Egypt (TAIB) 
      Project, Cairo, Egypt.
FAU - Helmy, Eman
AU  - Helmy E
AD  - National Food Safety Agency of Egypt (NFSA), Bab El Louq, Egypt.
FAU - Mansour, Hussein
AU  - Mansour H
AD  - National Food Safety Agency of Egypt (NFSA), Bab El Louq, Egypt.
LA  - eng
GR  - Land O'Lakes Venture37/
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20221212
PL  - United States
TA  - J Food Sci
JT  - Journal of food science
JID - 0014052
RN  - 57370OZ3P1 (ractopamine)
SB  - IM
MH  - Cattle
MH  - Animals
MH  - Swine
MH  - Egypt
MH  - *Food
MH  - Risk Assessment/methods
MH  - *Liver
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Egypt
OT  - codex standards
OT  - food risk assessment
OT  - liver consumption
OT  - maximum residue limit (MRL)
OT  - ractopamine
EDAT- 2022/12/14 06:00
MHDA- 2023/01/14 06:00
CRDT- 2022/12/13 00:32
PHST- 2022/10/13 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2022/08/24 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2022/11/10 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2022/12/14 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2023/01/14 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2022/12/13 00:32 [entrez]
AID - 10.1111/1750-3841.16399 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Food Sci. 2023 Jan;88(1):552-562. doi: 10.1111/1750-3841.16399. Epub 2022 Dec 
      12.