PMID- 36513202 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20230111 LR - 20230111 IS - 1879-1298 (Electronic) IS - 0045-6535 (Linking) VI - 313 DP - 2023 Feb TI - Persistent organic pollutants in human milk from primiparae - correlations, global, regional, and national time-trends. PG - 137484 LID - S0045-6535(22)03977-7 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.137484 [doi] AB - Human breast milk reflects body burden of chemicals and has been used for exposure assessment to estimate risks of humans from pollutants. Harmonized protocols for sampling and analysis of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) have become widely available after the entry-into-force of the Stockholm Convention on POPs and activities coordinated by the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP). These protocols promote the generation of national pools consisting of breast milk from first mothers directed to assess at national level but have not been assessed comprehensively. Early surveys date back to the mid-1980s, but the majority of the pools and high numbers of POPs analytes were available after the year 2000. Our assessment of pools from 90 countries for 29 POPs showed declining time trends for almost all POPs and significant differences between all 5-year time periods. However, in general, the most recent data from samples collected between 2015 and 2019, were no longer different from the period immediately prior. The strongest declines were seen for POPs that have already been measured for more than 30 years, i.e., dioxin-like POPs and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB). For certain initial and newly listed POPs, such as aldrin, endrin, mirex, toxaphene, alpha-HCH, chlordecone, endosulfan, pentachlorobenzene, hexachlorobutadiene, decabromo diphenyl ether, hexabromobiphenyl 153, and perfluorohexane sulfonate, the median values in pools were always zero, and some of them were never quantified in these human milk pools. Since these POPs may be present at national level, we recommend including all listed POPs into surveys related to the Stockholm Convention. CI - Copyright (c) 2022 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved. FAU - Fiedler, Heidelore AU - Fiedler H AD - Orebro University, School of Science and Technology, SE-701 82, Orebro, Sweden. Electronic address: heidelore.fiedler@oru.se. FAU - Li, Xue AU - Li X AD - Institute of Mass Spectrometry and Atmospheric Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China. FAU - Zhang, Jin AU - Zhang J AD - State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering, Yangtze Institute for Conservation and Development, Hohai University, 210098, Nanjing, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20221210 PL - England TA - Chemosphere JT - Chemosphere JID - 0320657 RN - 0 (Persistent Organic Pollutants) RN - 0 (Environmental Pollutants) RN - DFC2HB4I0K (Polychlorinated Biphenyls) SB - IM MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Persistent Organic Pollutants MH - Milk, Human/chemistry MH - Environmental Monitoring MH - *Environmental Pollutants/analysis MH - *Polychlorinated Biphenyls/analysis OTO - NOTNLM OT - Baseline assessment OT - Human biomonitoring OT - Integrative datasets OT - Time series COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2022/12/14 06:00 MHDA- 2023/01/12 06:00 CRDT- 2022/12/13 19:24 PHST- 2022/09/27 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/11/28 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/12/03 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/12/14 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/01/12 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/12/13 19:24 [entrez] AID - S0045-6535(22)03977-7 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.137484 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Chemosphere. 2023 Feb;313:137484. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.137484. Epub 2022 Dec 10.