PMID- 36554057 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20230308 IS - 2227-9032 (Print) IS - 2227-9032 (Electronic) IS - 2227-9032 (Linking) VI - 10 IP - 12 DP - 2022 Dec 14 TI - The Impact of Exercise Training Intensity on Physiological Adaptations and Insulin Resistance in Women with Abdominal Obesity. LID - 10.3390/healthcare10122533 [doi] LID - 2533 AB - Abdominal obesity has emerged globally as a major public health issue due to its high prevalence and morbidity. The benefits of physical exercise among the obese population are well documented. However, the optimal exercise intensity for reducing body fat and preventing insulin resistance and metabolic disorders is still under debate. This study aimed to examine the effects of three different intensities of combined endurance and strength training programs on anthropometric variables, physiological and muscular adaptations, and insulin sensitivity. Forty-three obese young women (age 26.4 +/- 4.7 years, BMI 33.1 +/- 2.5 kg/m2) were randomly assigned to one of four groups: a control group (G0), a moderate-intensity training group (G50, exercising brisk walking at 50% heart rate reserve HRR), a high-intensity training group (G75, exercise jogging at 75% HRR), and an alternated-intensity training group (G50/75, exercise brisk-walking/jogging at 50-75% HRR) with additional strength training once a week for each group. Body composition, waist circumference (WC), fasting blood glucose, insulin sensitivity and resistance (Homa-IR), resting heart rate (RHR), 6-min walk distance (6MWD), 1-repetition maximum (1-RM), and time to exhaustion (TTE) at 45% and 75% maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) for both the flexor and extensor muscle groups of the knees, were recorded before and after three months of exercise training. All training groups showed significant decreases in body mass, BMI, total body fat, body fat percentage, WC, abdominal and visceral mass (p < 0.001), with a greater reduction of body mass and BMI in G75 (p < 0.05). Lean mass increased significantly only in G50/75 (p < 0.05). The insulin sensitivity and Homa-IR decreased in the three training groups (p < 0.01), with greater enhanced resistance in G50 compared to G75 and G50/75 (p < 0.05). In contrast, there were no pre-post changes in all groups for fasting blood glucose (p > 0.05). 1-RM and TTE of the knee flexor and extensor muscles were improved in the three groups (p < 0.01), with greater improvement in G50/75 for 1RM and G75 in most of the TTE parameters (p < 0.05). RHR decreased and 6MWD increased significantly in the three training groups (p < 0.01), with greater 6MWD improvement in G75 (p < 0.05). In conclusion, the three training intensities seem to generate benefits in terms of body composition, physiological and muscular adaptations, and insulin resistance. High training intensity resulted in greater improvements in body mass, BMI, and endurance and strength, whereas moderate training intensity resulted in greater improvements of insulin resistance and homo-IR. Following alternate-intensity training, greater improvements were observed in lean mass and maximal strength performance. FAU - Mezghani, Nourhen AU - Mezghani N AD - Department of Sport Sciences, College of Education, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Ammar, Achraf AU - Ammar A AD - Department of Training and Movement Science, Institute of Sport Science, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany. AD - Interdisciplinary Laboratory in Neurosciences, Physiology and Psychology: Physical Activity, Health and Learning (LINP2), UFR STAPS, UPL, Paris Nanterre University, 39200 Nanterre, France. AD - High Institute of Sport and Physical Education, University of Sfax, Sfax 3038, Tunisia. FAU - Boukhris, Omar AU - Boukhris O AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2861-0164 AD - High Institute of Sport and Physical Education, University of Sfax, Sfax 3038, Tunisia. AD - Physical Activity, Sport, and Health, UR18JS01, National Observatory of Sport, Tunis 1003, Tunisia. AD - Sport and Exercise Science, School of Allied Health, Human Services and Sport, La Trobe University, Melbourne 3086, Australia. FAU - Abid, Rihab AU - Abid R AD - High Institute of Sport and Physical Education, University of Sfax, Sfax 3038, Tunisia. FAU - Hadadi, Atyh AU - Hadadi A AD - Department of Sport Sciences, College of Education, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Alzahrani, Turki Mohsen AU - Alzahrani TM AD - Department of Sport Sciences, College of Education, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Trabelsi, Omar AU - Trabelsi O AD - High Institute of Sport and Physical Education, University of Sfax, Sfax 3038, Tunisia. AD - Research Laboratory, Education, Motricity, Sport and Health (EM2S), LR15JS01, High Institute of Sport and Physical Education, University of Sfax, Sfax 3038, Tunisia. FAU - Boujelbane, Mohamed Ali AU - Boujelbane MA AD - High Institute of Sport and Physical Education, University of Sfax, Sfax 3038, Tunisia. FAU - Masmoudi, Liwa AU - Masmoudi L AD - High Institute of Sport and Physical Education, University of Sfax, Sfax 3038, Tunisia. AD - Research Laboratory, Education, Motricity, Sport and Health (EM2S), LR15JS01, High Institute of Sport and Physical Education, University of Sfax, Sfax 3038, Tunisia. FAU - Ouergui, Ibrahim AU - Ouergui I AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0131-1594 AD - High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Kef, University of Jendouba, El Kef 7100, Tunisia. FAU - Jamoussi, Kamel AU - Jamoussi K AD - Laboratory of Biochemistry, CHU Hedi Chaker, University of Sfax, Sfax 3000, Tunisia. FAU - Mnif, Mouna AU - Mnif M AD - Department of Endocrinology, Hedi Chaker University Hospital of Sfax, Sfax 3038, Tunisia. FAU - Mejdoub, Hafedh AU - Mejdoub H AD - Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology, Sfax Faculty of Sciences, BP 1171, University of Sfax, Sfax 3038, Tunisia. FAU - Zmijewski, Piotr AU - Zmijewski P AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5570-9573 AD - Jozef Pilsudski University of Physical Education in Warsaw, 00-809 Warsaw, Poland. FAU - Glenn, Jordan M AU - Glenn JM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2563-4291 AD - Department of Health, Exercise Science Research Center Human Performance and Recreation, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA. FAU - Trabelsi, Khaled AU - Trabelsi K AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2623-9557 AD - High Institute of Sport and Physical Education, University of Sfax, Sfax 3038, Tunisia. AD - Research Laboratory, Education, Motricity, Sport and Health (EM2S), LR15JS01, High Institute of Sport and Physical Education, University of Sfax, Sfax 3038, Tunisia. FAU - Chtourou, Hamdi AU - Chtourou H AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5482-9151 AD - High Institute of Sport and Physical Education, University of Sfax, Sfax 3038, Tunisia. AD - Physical Activity, Sport, and Health, UR18JS01, National Observatory of Sport, Tunis 1003, Tunisia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20221214 PL - Switzerland TA - Healthcare (Basel) JT - Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) JID - 101666525 PMC - PMC9778339 OTO - NOTNLM OT - abdominal obesity OT - insulin resistance OT - intensity OT - training COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2022/12/24 06:00 MHDA- 2022/12/24 06:01 PMCR- 2022/12/14 CRDT- 2022/12/23 01:25 PHST- 2022/10/21 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/12/07 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/12/09 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/12/23 01:25 [entrez] PHST- 2022/12/24 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/12/24 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2022/12/14 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - healthcare10122533 [pii] AID - healthcare-10-02533 [pii] AID - 10.3390/healthcare10122533 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Healthcare (Basel). 2022 Dec 14;10(12):2533. doi: 10.3390/healthcare10122533.