PMID- 36555487
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20221226
LR  - 20230308
IS  - 1422-0067 (Electronic)
IS  - 1422-0067 (Linking)
VI  - 23
IP  - 24
DP  - 2022 Dec 13
TI  - Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex Glutamate/Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid (GABA) 
      Alterations in Clinical High Risk and First-Episode Schizophrenia: A Preliminary 
      7-T Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Imaging Study.
LID - 10.3390/ijms232415846 [doi]
LID - 15846
AB  - Converging lines of evidence suggest that an imbalance between excitation and 
      inhibition is present in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) of 
      schizophrenia (SCZ). Gamma-aminobutyric-acid (GABA) and, to a lesser extent, 
      glutamate (Glu) abnormalities were reported in the DLPFC of SCZ patients, 
      especially on the right hemisphere, by post-mortem studies. However, in vivo 
      evidence of GABA, Glu, and Glu/GABA DLPFC abnormalities, particularly on the 
      right side and the early stages of illness, is limited. In this preliminary 
      study, we utilized 7-Tesla magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) to 
      investigate bilateral Glu/Creatine (Cre), GABA/Cre, and Glu/GABA in the DLPFC of 
      sixteen first episode schizophrenia (FES), seventeen clinical high risk (CHR), 
      and twenty-six healthy comparison (HC) subjects. FES and CHR had abnormal 
      GABA/Cre and Glu/GABA in the right DLPFC (rDLPFC) compared with HC participants, 
      while no differences were observed in the left DLPFC (lDLPFC) among the three 
      groups. Furthermore, HC had higher Glu/GABA in rDLPFC compared to lDLPFC (R > L), 
      whereas the opposite relationship (R < L) was observed in the DLPFC Glu/GABA of 
      FES patients. Altogether, these findings indicate that GABA/Cre and Glu/GABA 
      DLPFC alterations are present before illness manifestation and worsen in FES 
      patients, thus representing a putative early pathophysiological biomarker for SCZ 
      and related psychotic disorders.
FAU - Mayeli, Ahmad
AU  - Mayeli A
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2084-5559
AD  - Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
FAU - Sonnenschein, Susan F
AU  - Sonnenschein SF
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4486-3206
AD  - Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
FAU - Yushmanov, Victor E
AU  - Yushmanov VE
AD  - Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
FAU - Wilson, James D
AU  - Wilson JD
AD  - Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
FAU - Blazer, Annie
AU  - Blazer A
AD  - Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
FAU - Foran, William
AU  - Foran W
AD  - Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
FAU - Perica, Maria
AU  - Perica M
AD  - Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
FAU - Calabro, Finnegan J
AU  - Calabro FJ
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8092-3942
AD  - Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
FAU - Luna, Beatriz
AU  - Luna B
AD  - Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
FAU - Hetherington, Hoby P
AU  - Hetherington HP
AD  - Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
FAU - Sarpal, Deepak K
AU  - Sarpal DK
AD  - Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
FAU - Ferrarelli, Fabio
AU  - Ferrarelli F
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0560-0227
AD  - Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
LA  - eng
GR  - MH113827/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20221213
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Int J Mol Sci
JT  - International journal of molecular sciences
JID - 101092791
RN  - 3KX376GY7L (Glutamic Acid)
RN  - 56-12-2 (gamma-Aminobutyric Acid)
SB  - IM
MH  - Humans
MH  - *Glutamic Acid
MH  - Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex
MH  - *Schizophrenia/diagnostic imaging
MH  - Prefrontal Cortex/diagnostic imaging
MH  - Magnetic Resonance Imaging
MH  - gamma-Aminobutyric Acid
MH  - Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy/methods
PMC - PMC9781166
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - DLPFC
OT  - GABA
OT  - clinical high risk for psychosis
OT  - dorsolateral prefrontal cortex
OT  - excitation/inhibition
OT  - first episode schizophrenia
OT  - gamma-aminobutyric acid
COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest.
EDAT- 2022/12/24 06:00
MHDA- 2022/12/27 06:00
PMCR- 2022/12/13
CRDT- 2022/12/23 01:34
PHST- 2022/10/08 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2022/12/06 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2022/12/09 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2022/12/23 01:34 [entrez]
PHST- 2022/12/24 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2022/12/27 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2022/12/13 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - ijms232415846 [pii]
AID - ijms-23-15846 [pii]
AID - 10.3390/ijms232415846 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Int J Mol Sci. 2022 Dec 13;23(24):15846. doi: 10.3390/ijms232415846.