PMID- 36557429 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20221225 IS - 2072-666X (Print) IS - 2072-666X (Electronic) IS - 2072-666X (Linking) VI - 13 IP - 12 DP - 2022 Dec 1 TI - Dynamic Analysis and Path Planning of a Turtle-Inspired Amphibious Spherical Robot. LID - 10.3390/mi13122130 [doi] LID - 2130 AB - A dynamic path-planning algorithm based on a general constrained optimization problem (GCOP) model and a sequential quadratic programming (SQP) method with sensor input is proposed in this paper. In an unknown underwater space, the turtle-inspired amphibious spherical robot (ASR) can realise the path-planning control movement and achieve collision avoidance. Due to the special underwater environments, thrusters and diamond parallel legs (DPLs) are installed in the lower hemisphere to realise accurate motion control. A propulsion model for a novel water-jet thruster based on experimental analysis and a modified Denavit-Hartenberg (MDH) algorithm are developed for multiple degrees of freedom (MDOF) to realize high-precision and high-speed motion control. Simulations and experiments verify that the effectiveness of the GCOP and SQP algorithms can realize reasonable path planning and make it possible to improve the flexibility of underwater movement with a small estimation error. FAU - Zheng, Liang AU - Zheng L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4518-9487 AD - School of Electronic Information Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology University, Jilin 132101, China. FAU - Tang, You AU - Tang Y AD - School of Electronic Information Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology University, Jilin 132101, China. FAU - Guo, Shuxiang AU - Guo S AD - Key Laboratory of Convergence Medical Engineering and System and Healthcare Technology, the Ministry of Industry Information Technology, School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China. FAU - Ma, Yuke AU - Ma Y AD - School of Artificial Intelligence, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China. FAU - Deng, Lijin AU - Deng L AD - School of Artificial Intelligence, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China. LA - eng GR - No. [2021] 7004/Doctoral startup fund project (JiLin Agricultural Science and Technology University)/ GR - YDZJ202201ZYTS692/Science and Technology Development Plan Project of Jilin Province/ GR - JLNKU2015/Smart Agricultural Engineering Research Center of Jilin Province Foundation/ GR - JLXK20180319/Digital Agriculture key discipline of Jilin Province Foundation/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20221201 PL - Switzerland TA - Micromachines (Basel) JT - Micromachines JID - 101640903 PMC - PMC9784272 OTO - NOTNLM OT - amphibious spherical robots OT - diamond parallel leg OT - path planning OT - thruster evaluation OT - underwater motion COIS- The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2022/12/24 06:00 MHDA- 2022/12/24 06:01 PMCR- 2022/12/01 CRDT- 2022/12/23 01:46 PHST- 2022/10/24 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/11/23 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/11/28 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/12/23 01:46 [entrez] PHST- 2022/12/24 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/12/24 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2022/12/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - mi13122130 [pii] AID - micromachines-13-02130 [pii] AID - 10.3390/mi13122130 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Micromachines (Basel). 2022 Dec 1;13(12):2130. doi: 10.3390/mi13122130.