PMID- 36595172
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20230329
LR  - 20230329
IS  - 1614-7499 (Electronic)
IS  - 0944-1344 (Linking)
VI  - 30
IP  - 13
DP  - 2023 Mar
TI  - Composting of limed fleshings generated in a tannery: sustainable waste 
      management.
PG  - 39029-39041
LID - 10.1007/s11356-022-25070-6 [doi]
AB  - In tanneries, limed fleshing is an unavoidable waste generated in beamhouse 
      operation. Proper management of limed fleshing with protein, fat, lime, and 
      sulfide will help to protect the natural environment and at least reduce the 
      pollution that ends up in it. In this study, excluding any pretreatment, limed 
      fleshing is used for compost production. Chopped and mixed limed fleshing with 
      chicken manure, cow dung, and sawdust was heaped onto a horizontal bamboo frame. 
      Three composting heaps were fabricated weighing 720, 700, and 760 kg. The turning 
      of composting materials in the heaps causes temperature changes in the 
      thermophilic range. The thermophilic temperatures in these heaps were 69.07  degrees C 
      (heap 1), 69.9  degrees C (heap 2), and 69.19  degrees C (heap 3) which ensured the death of the 
      pathogenic organism. The quality of compost was assessed based on the 
      nutrients-nitrogen (N), phosphorous (P), potassium (K), and sulfur (S) content. 
      NPKS in the compost fulfils the requirements of the investigated materials as 
      compost. The largest amounts of metals- zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), chromium (Cr), 
      lead (Pb), and nickel (Ni) of the compost detected in the heaps were, 
      respectively, 200.3, 37.4, 20.3, 12.0, and 3.9 mg/kg. Cadmium (Cd) in the compost 
      was below the detection limit. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) photographs 
      show the decomposing of composting materials. This study indicates that limed 
      fleshing can be converted into nutrient-enriched compost without any 
      pretreatment. Using an easy, simple, and adaptable technique could reduce the 
      volume of solid waste generated in the tannery to reduce environmental pollution.
CI  - (c) 2023. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, 
      part of Springer Nature.
FAU - Hashem, Md Abul
AU  - Hashem MA
AD  - Department of Leather Engineering, Khulna University of Engineering & Technology, 
      Khulna, 9203, Bangladesh. hashem_518@yahoo.com.
FAU - Hasan, Mehedi
AU  - Hasan M
AD  - Department of Civil Engineering, Bangladesh University of Engineering and 
      Technology, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh.
FAU - Hasan, Md Anik
AU  - Hasan MA
AD  - Department of Leather Engineering, Khulna University of Engineering & Technology, 
      Khulna, 9203, Bangladesh.
FAU - Sahen, Md Sahariar
AU  - Sahen MS
AD  - Department of Leather Engineering, Khulna University of Engineering & Technology, 
      Khulna, 9203, Bangladesh.
FAU - Payel, Sofia
AU  - Payel S
AD  - Department of Leather Engineering, Khulna University of Engineering & Technology, 
      Khulna, 9203, Bangladesh.
FAU - Mizan, Al
AU  - Mizan A
AD  - Department of Leather Engineering, Khulna University of Engineering & Technology, 
      Khulna, 9203, Bangladesh.
FAU - Nur-A-Tomal, Md Shahruk
AU  - Nur-A-Tomal MS
AD  - Department of Leather Engineering, Khulna University of Engineering & Technology, 
      Khulna, 9203, Bangladesh.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20230103
PL  - Germany
TA  - Environ Sci Pollut Res Int
JT  - Environmental science and pollution research international
JID - 9441769
RN  - C7X2M0VVNH (lime)
RN  - 0 (Calcium Compounds)
RN  - 0 (Soil)
RN  - 0 (Manure)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Cattle
MH  - Female
MH  - *Composting
MH  - *Waste Management/methods
MH  - Environmental Pollution
MH  - Calcium Compounds
MH  - Soil
MH  - Manure
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - C/N ratio
OT  - Compost stability
OT  - Heavy metal
OT  - Limed fleshing
OT  - Seed germination
OT  - Tannery solid waste
OT  - Thermophilic-mesophilic degradation
OT  - Waste-to-wealth
EDAT- 2023/01/04 06:00
MHDA- 2023/03/29 06:05
CRDT- 2023/01/03 11:21
PHST- 2022/08/10 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2022/12/26 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2023/03/29 06:05 [medline]
PHST- 2023/01/04 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2023/01/03 11:21 [entrez]
AID - 10.1007/s11356-022-25070-6 [pii]
AID - 10.1007/s11356-022-25070-6 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2023 Mar;30(13):39029-39041. doi: 
      10.1007/s11356-022-25070-6. Epub 2023 Jan 3.