PMID- 36612259
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20230111
IS  - 2072-6694 (Print)
IS  - 2072-6694 (Electronic)
IS  - 2072-6694 (Linking)
VI  - 15
IP  - 1
DP  - 2022 Dec 30
TI  - Immunotherapy as a Promising Option for the Treatment of Advanced Chordoma: A 
      Systemic Review.
LID - 10.3390/cancers15010264 [doi]
LID - 264
AB  - OBJECTIVE: To summarize the function and efficacy of immunotherapy as an 
      adjunctive therapy in the treatment of advanced chordoma. METHODS: Literature 
      search was conducted by two reviewers independently. Case reports, case series 
      and clinical trials of immunotherapy for chordoma were retrieved systematically 
      from Pubmed, Web of Science, Scoupus and Cochrane Library. Clinical outcome data 
      extracted from the literature included median progression-free survival (PFS), 
      median overall survival (OS), clinical responses and adverse events (AEs). 
      RESULTS: All studies were published between 2015 and 2022. Twenty-two eligible 
      studies were selected for systemic review. PD-1/PD-L1 immune checkpoint 
      inhibitors (ICIs) were the most common used immunotherapy agents in chordoma, 
      among which Pembrolizumab was the most frequently prescribed. CTLA-4 antibody was 
      only used as combination therapy in chordoma. Dose Limiting Toxicity (DLT) was 
      not observed in any vaccine targeting brachyury, and injection site response was 
      the most frequent AV. The response evaluation criteria in solid tumors (RECIST) 
      were the most generally used evaluation standard in chordoma immunotherapy, and 
      none of the included studies employed the Choi criteria. CONCLUSIONS: No clinical 
      data have demonstrated that CTLA-4 ICIs combined with PD-1/PD-L1 ICIs is more 
      effective than ICIs monotherapy in treating chordoma, and ICIs in combination 
      with other therapies exhibit more toxicity than monotherapy. PD-1/PD-L1 ICIs 
      monotherapy is recommended as an immunotherapy in patients with advanced 
      chordoma, which may even benefit PD-L1-negative patients. The brachyury vaccine 
      has shown good safety in chordoma patients, and future clinical trials should 
      focus on how to improve its therapeutic efficacy. The use of immunomodulatory 
      agents is a promising therapeutic option, though additional clinical trials are 
      required to evaluate their safety and effectiveness. RECIST does not seem to be 
      an appropriate standard for assessing medications of intratumoral immunotherapy.
FAU - Wang, Xiang
AU  - Wang X
AD  - Department of Orthopedic Oncology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical 
      University, #415 Fengyang Road, Shanghai 200003, China.
FAU - Chen, Zhaoyu
AU  - Chen Z
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3772-5780
AD  - Department of Orthopedic Oncology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical 
      University, #415 Fengyang Road, Shanghai 200003, China.
FAU - Li, Bo
AU  - Li B
AD  - Department of Orthopedic Oncology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical 
      University, #415 Fengyang Road, Shanghai 200003, China.
FAU - Fan, Jiefu
AU  - Fan J
AD  - Department of Orthopedic Oncology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical 
      University, #415 Fengyang Road, Shanghai 200003, China.
FAU - Xu, Wei
AU  - Xu W
AD  - Department of Orthopedic Oncology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical 
      University, #415 Fengyang Road, Shanghai 200003, China.
FAU - Xiao, Jianru
AU  - Xiao J
AD  - Department of Orthopedic Oncology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical 
      University, #415 Fengyang Road, Shanghai 200003, China.
LA  - eng
GR  - 81902733/the National Natural Science Foundation of China/
GR  - 19YF1448100/Sailing Plan Project of the Shanghai Municipal Commission of Science 
      and Technology/
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
DEP - 20221230
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Cancers (Basel)
JT  - Cancers
JID - 101526829
PMC - PMC9818311
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - chordoma
OT  - combination
OT  - immune checkpoint inhibitor
OT  - immunotherapy
OT  - vaccines
COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest.
EDAT- 2023/01/09 06:00
MHDA- 2023/01/09 06:01
PMCR- 2022/12/30
CRDT- 2023/01/08 01:08
PHST- 2022/12/02 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2022/12/24 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2022/12/28 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2023/01/08 01:08 [entrez]
PHST- 2023/01/09 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2023/01/09 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2022/12/30 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - cancers15010264 [pii]
AID - cancers-15-00264 [pii]
AID - 10.3390/cancers15010264 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Cancers (Basel). 2022 Dec 30;15(1):264. doi: 10.3390/cancers15010264.