PMID- 36633737 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20230511 LR - 20240309 IS - 1573-0832 (Electronic) IS - 0301-486X (Linking) VI - 188 IP - 1-2 DP - 2023 Apr TI - Paracoccidioides and Paracoccidioidomycosis in the 21st Century. PG - 129-133 LID - 10.1007/s11046-022-00704-y [doi] AB - Paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM) defines a broad spectrum of human and animal diseases caused by Paracoccidioides species (Onygenales). In the twenty-first century, Paracoccidioides advanced from a monotypic taxon to a genus that harbors seven species, including P. brasiliensis sensu stricto, P. americana, P. restrepiensis, P. venezuelensis, P. lutzii, P. loboi, and P. cetii. Classic PCM, acquired upon inhalation of propagules from P. brasiliensis sensu stricto, P. americana, P. restrepiensis, P. venezuelensis, and P. lutzii, affects the human lungs and may progress to systemic granulomatous disease with tegumentary and visceral involvement. On the other hand, PCM loboi and PCM ceti caused by the unculturable P. loboi and P. cetii are subcutaneous mycoses, typically observed as keloid lesions in humans and dolphins. Such heterogeneity highlights the importance of recognizing species boundaries in Paracoccidioides to gain insights into the ecology, evolution, clinical features, and mitigation strategies to tackle the advance of PCM. CI - (c) 2023. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature B.V. FAU - Rodrigues, Anderson Messias AU - Rodrigues AM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0891-4563 AD - Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Parasitology, Discipline of Cellular Biology, Federal University of Sao Paulo (UNIFESP), Sao Paulo, 04023062, Brazil. amrodrigues@unifesp.br. AD - Department of Medicine, Discipline of Infectious Diseases, Federal University of Sao Paulo (UNIFESP), Sao Paulo, 04023062, Brazil. amrodrigues@unifesp.br. FAU - Hagen, Ferry AU - Hagen F AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5622-1916 AD - Department of Medical Mycology, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT, Utrecht, The Netherlands. AD - Department of Medical Microbiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX, Utrecht, The Netherlands. AD - Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics (IBED), University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. FAU - Puccia, Rosana AU - Puccia R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3332-0487 AD - Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Parasitology, Discipline of Cellular Biology, Federal University of Sao Paulo (UNIFESP), Sao Paulo, 04023062, Brazil. FAU - Hahn, Rosane Christine AU - Hahn RC AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2686-8193 AD - Medical Mycology Laboratory/Investigation, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Cuiaba, MT, 78060900, Brazil. AD - Julio Muller Hospital, EBSERH, Cuiaba, MT, Brazil. FAU - de Camargo, Zoilo Pires AU - de Camargo ZP AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2971-7983 AD - Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Parasitology, Discipline of Cellular Biology, Federal University of Sao Paulo (UNIFESP), Sao Paulo, 04023062, Brazil. AD - Department of Medicine, Discipline of Infectious Diseases, Federal University of Sao Paulo (UNIFESP), Sao Paulo, 04023062, Brazil. LA - eng GR - 2017/27265-5/FAPESP/ GR - 433276/2018-5/CNPq/ GR - 304902/2020-9/CNPq/ PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20230112 PL - Netherlands TA - Mycopathologia JT - Mycopathologia JID - 7505689 SB - IM MH - Animals MH - Humans MH - Dolphins/microbiology MH - Genomics MH - *Paracoccidioides/classification/genetics/isolation & purification MH - *Paracoccidioidomycosis/diagnosis/epidemiology/immunology/microbiology MH - Phylogeny OTO - NOTNLM OT - Diagnosis OT - Epidemiology OT - Paracoccidioides americana OT - Paracoccidioides brasiliensis OT - Paracoccidioides cetii, Paracoccidioides lutzii OT - Paracoccidioides loboi OT - Paracoccidioides restrepiensis OT - Paracoccidioides venezuelensis OT - Systemic mycosis EDAT- 2023/01/13 06:00 MHDA- 2023/05/11 06:42 CRDT- 2023/01/12 11:18 PHST- 2022/10/04 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/12/16 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/05/11 06:42 [medline] PHST- 2023/01/13 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/01/12 11:18 [entrez] AID - 10.1007/s11046-022-00704-y [pii] AID - 10.1007/s11046-022-00704-y [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Mycopathologia. 2023 Apr;188(1-2):129-133. doi: 10.1007/s11046-022-00704-y. Epub 2023 Jan 12.